Nutritional Recommendations for the Late-Preterm Infant and the Preterm Infant after Hospital Discharge
Nutritional Recommendations for the Late-Preterm Infant and the Preterm Infant after Hospital Discharge
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jpeds.2012.11.058
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发表时间：
2013-03-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Rigo, Jacques
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lapillonne, Alexandre;O'Connor, Deborah L.;Rigo, Jacques
早产儿的早期营养支持对终身健康和福祉至关重要。许多研究表明，早产儿的死亡率和发病率，包括大脑发育障碍的风险增加。迄今为止，人们的注意力主要集中在加强对极低和极低出生体重婴儿的营养支持，以提高存活率和生活质量。在大多数国家，由于经济或其他原因，早产儿在预产期前被送回家。这是有争议的，这些新生儿是否需要特殊的营养方案或出院公式。此外，关于如何喂养出院后的早产儿的指导方针很少，而且相互矛盾。另一方面，晚期早产儿在出生后立即对医疗保健提供者提出了挑战，必须决定如何以及在哪里照顾这些新生儿。考虑到这些婴儿以及婴儿可能会使他们处于不利地位。晚期早产儿具有独特的和经常未被认识的医疗脆弱性和营养需求，这使他们更容易发病和再入院。住院期间喂养不良或不足可能是晚期早产儿出生后体重难以增加的主要原因之一。为晚期早产儿提供最佳的营养支持可能会改善存活率和生活质量，就像对极早产儿一样。在这项工作中，我们对文献进行了回顾，并为出院后晚期早产儿和极早产儿的护理和喂养提供了单独的建议。我们确定当前知识的差距以及未来研究的优先事项。（J Pediatr 2013;162：S90-100）。
Early nutritional support of preterm infants is critical to life-long health and well being. Numerous studies have demonstrated that preterm infants are at increased risk of mortality and morbidity, including disturbances in brain development. To date, much attention has focused on enhancing the nutritional support of very low and extremely low birth weight infants to improve survival and quality of life. In most countries, preterm infants are sent home before their expected date of term birth for economic or other reasons. It is debatable whether these newborns require special nutritional regimens or discharge formulas. Furthermore, guidelines that specify how to feed very preterm infants after hospital discharge are scarce and conflicting. On the other hand, the late-preterm infant presents a challenge to health care providers immediately after birth when decisions must be made about how and where to care for these newborns. Considering these infants as well babies may place them at a disadvantage. Late-preterm infants have unique and often-unrecognized medical vulnerabilities and nutritional needs that predispose them to greater rates of morbidity and hospital readmissions. Poor or inadequate feeding during hospitalization may be one of the main reasons why late-preterm infants have difficulty gaining weight right after birth. Providing optimal nutritional support to late premature infants may improve survival and quality of life as it does for very preterm infants. In this work, we present a review of the literature and provide separate recommendations for the care and feeding of late-preterm infants and very preterm infants after discharge. We identify gaps in current knowledge as well as priorities for future research. (J Pediatr 2013;162:S90-100).