No Evidence of Copy Number Variation in Acidic Mammalian Chitinase Genes (CHIA) in New World and Old World Monkeys
No Evidence of Copy Number Variation in Acidic Mammalian Chitinase Genes (CHIA) in New World and Old World Monkeys
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DOI：
10.1007/s10764-018-0037-7
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发表时间：
2018-04
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Mareike C. Janiak
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mareike C. Janiak
拷贝数变异可能是基因组中最常见的结构遗传变异形式。许多研究已经表明，基因拷贝数变异可以与表型变异相关，其中较高的拷贝数对应于蛋白质表达的增加，反之亦然。例子包括一些消化酶基因，其中拷贝数和蛋白质表达的变化可能与饮食差异有关。因此，通过更高的基因拷贝数来增加消化酶的表达可能是改变生物体消化能力的潜在机制。我调查了编码酸性哺乳动物几丁质酶，几丁质分解消化酶，可用于消化昆虫外骨骼，在非人灵长类动物不同水平的昆虫消费基因的拷贝数变异。我假设CHIAcopy数量与食虫水平呈正相关，预测食虫灵长类动物的拷贝数更高。我用QuantStudio 3D数字PCR平台评估了旧世界和新世界灵长类物种的比较样本（N= 10个物种，每个物种1或2个个体）的拷贝数变异。与我的预测相反，没有发现拷贝数变异的证据，并且所有测试的物种在每个二倍体基因组中都有两个基因拷贝。这些发现表明，如果酸性哺乳动物几丁质酶的表达根据灵长类动物的昆虫消费而变化，则可能通过另一种机制上调或下调。
Copy number variation may be the most common form of structural genetic variation in the genome. Numerous studies have shown that gene copy number variation can correlate with phenotypic variation, where higher copy numbers correspond to increased expression of the protein and vice versa. Examples include some digestive enzyme genes, where variation in copy numbers and protein expression may be related to dietary differences. Increasing the expression of a digestive enzyme through higher gene copy numbers may thus be a potential mechanism for altering an organism’s digestive capabilities. I investigated copy number variation in genes coding for acidic mammalian chitinase, a chitinolytic digestive enzyme that may be used for the digestion of insect exoskeletons, in nonhuman primates with varying levels of insect consumption. I hypothesized thatCHIAcopy number correlates positively with level of insectivory, predicting higher copy numbers in more insectivorous primates. I assessed copy number variation with the QuantStudio 3D digital PCR platform, in a comparative sample of Old World and New World primate species (N= 10 species, one or two individuals each). Contrary to my prediction, no evidence of copy number variation was found and all species tested had two gene copies per diploid genome. These findings suggest that if acidic mammalian chitinase expression varies according to insect consumption in primates, it may be up- or downregulated through another mechanism.