The Origins of Specialized Nomadic Pastoralism: A Systemic Model
The Origins of Specialized Nomadic Pastoralism: A Systemic Model
复制标题
专业游牧畜牧业的起源：系统模型
作者：
S. Lees;D. Bates
摘要本文提出了一个模型，描述了从以农业和畜牧业为主的混合农业向以灌溉农业和游牧畜牧业为主的专业化生产方式的转变。这个模型强调了在美索不达米亚干旱冲积区灌溉农业扩大之前，混合农业的选择压力，以及在该地区灌溉农业建立之后，专业化的选择压力。它接着描述了一旦这种专门化制度化，专门化群体之间的动态互动。
Abstract A model is presented which describes the transition from mixed rainfall-dependent agriculture with animal husbandry to specialized modes of production based upon irrigated agriculture and nomadic pastoralism. This model emphasizes selective pressures for mixed farming before irrigation agriculture had expanded in the arid alluvial zones of Mesopotamia, and selective pressures for specialization after irrigation agriculture had become established in that zone. It goes on to describe dynamic interaction between specialized groups once such specialization has become institutionalized.