The Evryscope Fast Transient Engine: Real-time Detection for Rapidly Evolving Transients
The Evryscope Fast Transient Engine: Real-time Detection for Rapidly Evolving Transients
复制标题
DOI：
10.3847/1538-4365/acbd41
复制
发表时间：
2023-02
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. Corbett;Jonathan Carney;R. Gonzalez;O. Fors;N. Galliher;A. Glazier;W. Howard;N. Law;R. Q
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Corbett;Jonathan Carney;R. Gonzalez;O. Fors;N. Galliher;A. Glazier;W. Howard;N. Law;R. Q
在小时以下的时间尺度上快速发展的天体物理瞬变本质上是罕见的。由于它们的持续时间很短，像恒星超级耀斑，伽马射线爆发的光学闪光和年轻超新星的冲击爆发这样的事件很难在光谱跟踪的时间尺度上识别。本文介绍了Evryscope快速瞬态引擎（EFTE），一个新的数据减少管道，旨在提供低延迟的瞬态警报从Evryscopes-南北对超宽视场望远镜，瞬时足迹覆盖整个天空的38%-和工具，用于建立长期的光变曲线从Evryscope数据。EFTE利用Evryscopes的光学稳定性，通过使用简单的直接图像减法程序，适合于以一分钟的节奏连续监测瞬态天空。98.5%的图像在基本Evrycope 2分钟节奏内产生候选图像，并使用卷积神经网络真假分类器vetnet进行内部过滤。EFTE为探测类似时间尺度的瞬态调查提供了一个可扩展和强大的架构，并作为Argus阵列的实时分析管道和公共数据分发系统的软件测试平台，Argus阵列是下一代全天空天文台，数据速率比Evryscope高62倍。
Astrophysical transients with rapid developments on subhour timescales are intrinsically rare. Due to their short durations, events like stellar superflares, optical flashes from gamma-ray bursts, and shock breakouts from young supernovae are difficult to identify on timescales that enable spectroscopic follow-up. This paper presents the Evryscope Fast Transient Engine (EFTE), a new data reduction pipeline that is designed to provide low-latency transient alerts from the Evryscopes—a north–south pair of ultra-wide-field telescopes with an instantaneous footprint covering 38% of the entire sky—and tools for building long-term light curves from Evryscope data. EFTE leverages the optical stability of the Evryscopes by using a simple direct image subtraction routine that is suited to continuously monitoring the transient sky at a cadence of a minute. Candidates are produced within the base Evryscope 2 minute cadence for 98.5% of images, and internally filtered using vetnet, a convolutional neural network real–bogus classifier. EFTE provides an extensible and robust architecture for transient surveys probing similar timescales, and serves as the software test bed for the real-time analysis pipelines and public data distribution systems for the Argus Array, a next-generation all-sky observatory with a data rate 62 times higher than that of Evryscope.