Individual differences in anticipatory activity to food rewards predict cue-induced appetitive 50-kHz calls in rats
Individual differences in anticipatory activity to food rewards predict cue-induced appetitive 50-kHz calls in rats
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DOI：
10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.05.012
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发表时间：
2015-10-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Schwarting, Rainer K. W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brenes, Juan C.;Schwarting, Rainer K. W.
与奖励相关的刺激通过巴甫洛夫学习获得激励显着性，并能够控制奖励导向的行为。在这里，我们检查了由奖励相关线索引起的预期活动的个体差异，作为动物如何将激励显着性归因于其他中性刺激的指示。由于成年大鼠可以通过 50 kHz 左右的超声波发声 (USV) 发出激励动机状态的信号，因此在被剥夺食物的大鼠中记录了这种叫声，并训练它们将线索与食物奖励联系起来，而食物奖励随后会因饱足而贬值。我们发现，动物在食物匮乏时对食物线索产生条件性预期活动的程度决定了在饱足时线索诱导的食欲 USV 的水平。在免费测试期后重新暴露于奖励线索会恢复USV，激发奖励寻求和消费，而且，只有在线索诱导的预期活动水平较高的动物中才会出现叫声的增加。接受儿茶酚胺激动剂安非他明或多巴胺受体拮抗剂氟哌噻吨系统性攻击的有奖励经验的大鼠对这些药物的反应减弱，特别是对于 USV 和具有高水平提示诱导预期活动的受试者。我们的结果表明，倾向于将激励显着性归因于奖励线索的个体显示出奖励诱导的USV增强，这种USV随着时间的推移可靠地表达，并且尽管生理需求得到满足，但仍持续存在。此外，倾向的受试者似乎在与激励学习相关的多巴胺能系统中经历了特殊的适应。我们的研究结果可能在模拟强迫症的临床前研究中具有转化意义，这可能是由于过度地将激励显着性归因于奖励线索，例如暴饮暴食、病态赌博和毒瘾。 (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。
Reward-related stimuli come to acquire incentive salience through Pavlovian learning and become capable of controlling reward-oriented behaviors. Here, we examined individual differences in anticipatory activity elicited by reward-related cues as indicative of how animals attribute incentive salience to otherwise neutral stimuli. Since adult rats can signal incentive motivation states through ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) at around 50-kHz, such calls were recorded in food-deprived rats trained to associate cues with food rewards, which were subsequently devalued by satiation. We found that the extent to which animals developed conditioned anticipatory activity to food cues while food deprived determined the level of cue-induced appetitive USVs while sated. Re-exposure to reward cues after a free-testing period reinstated USVs, invigorated reward seeking and consumption, and again, increases in calling occurred only in animals with high levels of cue-induced anticipatory activity. Reward-experienced rats systemically challenged with the catecholamine agonist amphetamine or with the dopamine receptor antagonist flupenthixol showed attenuated responses to these drugs, especially for USVs and in subjects with high levels of cue-induced anticipatory activity. Our results suggest that individuals prone to attribute incentive salience to reward cues showed heightened reward-induced USVs which were reliably expressed over time and persisted despite physiological needs being fulfilled. Also, prone subjects seemed to undergo particular adaptations in their dopaminergic system related with incentive learning. Our findings may have translational relevance in preclinical research modeling compulsive disorders, which may be due to excessive attribution of incentive salience to reward cues, such as overeating, pathological gambling, and drug addiction. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.