The contemporary glaciers in China based on the Second Chinese Glacier Inventory
The contemporary glaciers in China based on the Second Chinese Glacier Inventory
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发表时间：
2015
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通讯作者：
Liu Shiyi
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作者：
Liu Shiyi
第二次中国冰川清单（SCGI）是基于2004年以后的遥感图像，包括Landsat TM/ETM +和ASTER图像，以及SRTM的数字高程模型（DEM）编制的。SCGI显示，中国有48，571条冰川，总面积为5.18× 104 km 2，冰量为4.3×103-4.7× 103 km 3（包括1：50，000或1：由于没有高质量的遥感图像用于现代冰川调查，1960 - 80年代制作了10万幅地形图），面积在0.5平方公里以下的冰川达到33条，061，占绝大多数面积在1.0 ~ 50.0km ~ 2之间的冰川约为3.40 × 104 km ~ 2（冰量约2.65 × 103 km 3），是我国冰川的主要组成部分。（359.05平方公里），位于喀喇昆仑山北坡的沙克斯干河谷，是中国最大的冰川。冰川在空间上分布在中国西部的14个山脉和高原。昆仑山是中国最大的冰川。中国冰川最多，其次是天山、念青唐古拉山、喜马拉雅山和喀喇昆仑山，这五座山的冰川数量占中国冰川总数的72.26%，但中国冰川总面积的55%以上和总冰储量的59%集中在昆仑山，念青唐古拉山脉和天山山脉。喀喇昆仑山脉的冰川数量和面积比喜马拉雅山脉少，但由于喀喇昆仑山冰川面积普遍较大，所以前者的体积大于后者，约占中国冰川总面积的4/5，主要分布在海拔4500- 5000米之间的一个垂直带内。6500米a.s.l.与区域差异取决于各山脉的一般海拔。类似地，流域内冰川分布有明显的差异，一级流域是东亚内陆河流域（5 Y），约占全国冰川分布的40%，黄河流域（5 J）是我国冰川分布最多的流域。新疆是我国冰川最少的地区，仅分布有164条冰川，面积126.72km ~ 2，新疆和西藏是我国冰川资源最丰富的两个省区，约占全国冰川总面积和冰储量的9/10。
The Second Chinese Glacier Inventory(SCGI) was compiled based on remote sensing images after 2004 including Landsat TM/ETM + and ASTER images,and the digital elevation models(DEMs) from SRTM.The SCGI shows that there are 48,571 glaciers with a total area of 5.18×104km2and ice volume of 4.3×103-4.7×103km3in China(including glaciers measured from 1:50,000 or 1:100,000 topographic maps made from the 1960 s to the 1980 s because of no high quality remote sensing images for the contemporary glacier inventories).The number of glaciers with the area below 0.5 km2 reaches 33,061 and accounts for the majority part(66.07%) of glaciers in China.Glaciers with areas between 1.0 km2 and 50.0 km2 are totaled as ~3.40 × 104km2(~2.65 × 103km3 in ice volume) and constitute the main part of glaciers in China.The Yengisogat Glacier(359.05 km2),located in the Shaksgam Valley,north slope of the Karakoram Mountain,is the largest glacier in China.The glaciers are spatially distributed in 14 mountains and plateaus in western China.The Kunlun Mountains has the largest number of glaciers in China,followed by Tianshan Mountains,Nyainqentanglha Range,the Himalayas and Karakoram.Glaciers in the above five mountains account for 72.26% of the total glacier number in China,however,over 55% of the total area of glaciers and 59% of the total ice storage in China are concentrated in the Kunlun Mountains,Nyainqentanglha Range and Tianshan Mountains.The number and area of glaciers in Karakoram Mountains are less than those in the Himalayas,but the volume of the former is more than that of the latter because the glaciers in the Karakoram are generally larger.Some 4/5 of the total area of glaciers in China is mainly distributed in an altitudinal band between 4500-6500 m a.s.l.with regional differences depending on the general elevations of various mountains.Analogously,there is an obvious difference of glaciers in basins.The first level basin having the most glaciers is the East Asia interior drainage area(5Y) which occupies ~40% of glaciers in China.The Yellow River basin(5J) has the fewest glaciers where only 164 with an area of 126.72 km2 are distributed.Xinjiang and Xizang autonomous regions are the two provincial units rich in glaciers,with ~9/10 of the total area and ice storage of glaciers in China.