Explicit Control of Implicit Responses: Simple Directives can alter IAT Performance.
Explicit Control of Implicit Responses: Simple Directives can alter IAT Performance.
复制标题
隐式响应的显式控制：简单的指令可以改变 IAT 性能。
DOI：
10.1027/1864-9335/a000022
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Mann,Traci
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wallaert,Matthew;Ward,Andrew;Mann,Traci
研究已经开始揭示内隐偏见的可塑性。种族内隐联想测验（IAT）是一种广泛使用的工具，用于评估个人与不同种族群体的积极和消极联系。在两项研究中，我们证明了显著压力改变隐性种族反应的能力。在研究1中，通过明确的刻板印象指示来增强促进压力足以增加IAT中的亲白人偏见。在研究2中，通过一个简单的避免刻板印象的指导来增强抑制压力足以减少亲白人偏见。综上所述，这些研究表明，通过使用简单、直接的手段，隐性偏见是可以自愿控制的。
Research has begun to reveal the malleability of implicit prejudice. One measure of this construct, the race Implicit Association Test (IAT), represents a widely-used tool to assess individuals’ positive and negative associations with different racial groups. In two studies, we demonstrate the capacity of salient pressures to alter implicit racial responses. In Study 1, an enhancement of promoting pressures through an explicit instruction to stereotype was sufficient to increase pro-White bias on the IAT. In Study 2, an enhancement of inhibiting pressures through a simple instruction to avoid stereotyping was sufficient to reduce pro-White bias. Taken together, the studies suggest that implicit prejudice is amenable to voluntary control through the use of simple, direct means.