Main Sources, Socio-Demographic and Anthropometric Correlates of Salt Intake in Austria
Main Sources, Socio-Demographic and Anthropometric Correlates of Salt Intake in Austria
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DOI：
10.3390/nu10030311
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发表时间：
2018-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Ekmekcioglu, Cem
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hasenegger, Verena;Rust, Petra;Ekmekcioglu, Cem
众所周知，过量的盐摄入会增加血压和心血管风险。然而，盐的摄入量超过了大多数国家的建议摄入量。面对这个问题，重要的是要确定高消费者以及盐摄入量的主要贡献者。总体而言，研究人员分析了2018年18至64岁成年人的数据，以确定盐摄入量的主要来源、社会人口统计学和人体测量学相关性。通过24小时回顾评估饮食摄入量，通过问卷调查获得社会人口特征信息，并测量人体测量数据。男性的盐摄入量明显高于女性。盐摄入量与体重指数之间存在显著正相关。其他变量包括富裕程度、教育水平、吸烟状况和体育活动，在盐摄入量方面没有观察到显著差异。盐摄入量的主要来源是调味品，包括食盐（32.6%），其次是谷物和谷物制品（27.0%）、肉类和肉类制品（16.1%）和乳制品（14.0%）。这些结果突出表明，公共卫生举措需要针对特定人群，只有通过减少加工食品中的盐，才能与食品生产商共同减少盐的摄入量。
Excessive salt intake is known to increase blood pressure and cardiovascular risk. Nevertheless, salt intake exceeds the recommendations in most countries. To face this problem, it is important to identify high consumers as well as the main contributors of salt intake. Overall, data of 2018 adults between 18 and 64 years were analysed to determine the main sources, socio-demographic and anthropometric correlates of salt intake. Dietary intake was assessed from 24-h-recalls, information on socio-demographic characteristics was obtained using a questionnaire and anthropometric data were measured. Salt intake was significantly higher in males than in females. There was a significant positive association between salt intake and body mass index. No significant differences in salt intake were observed for other variables including affluence, educational level, smoking status and physical activity. The main contributor to salt intake were condiments including table salt (32.6%), followed by cereals and cereal products (27.0%), meat and meat products (16.1%) and dairy products (14.0%). These results highlight that specific population groups need to be targeted by public health initiatives and that a reduction in salt intake can only be achieved in tandem with the food producers by the reduction of salt in processed foods.