ATTACHMENT SECURITY AND INDISCRIMINATELY FRIENDLY BEHAVIOR IN CHILDREN ADOPTED FROM ROMANIAN ORPHANAGES
ATTACHMENT SECURITY AND INDISCRIMINATELY FRIENDLY BEHAVIOR IN CHILDREN ADOPTED FROM ROMANIAN ORPHANAGES
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DOI：
10.1017/s0954579400006507
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发表时间：
1995-03-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
MORISON, SJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
CHISHOLM, K;CARTER, MC;MORISON, SJ
对在罗马尼亚孤儿院（RO）度过至少8个月的儿童进行依恋安全性评估，并对两组儿童进行比较：加拿大出生，非收养的对照组（CB）和4个月前从罗马尼亚收养的对照组（RC）。我们还评估了两组被收养儿童在表现不加区分的友好行为方面的差异。依恋安全性的评估使用父母对问卷的报告，问卷由Waters和Deane（1985）依恋q -排序中最高和最低负荷的23个项目组成。不加区分的友好行为是通过父母对五个问题的回答来评估的，这些问题是关于他们的孩子与新成年人的行为的。我们还将儿童的依恋安全得分与父母在养育压力指数中父母依恋分量表的得分进行了比较（Abidin, 1990）。RO儿童在依恋安全感上的得分明显低于RC或CB儿童。RC和CB儿童在依恋安全感上无显著差异。根据父母的报告，RO儿童明显比RC儿童表现出更多的不加区分的友好行为，但这种行为与依恋安全感无关。在RO组中，儿童的依恋安全得分与父母的依恋得分相关。结果表明，Po儿童的极度忽视经历导致了他们的依恋安全得分较低，而在机构儿童的依恋研究中，不分青红皂白的友好可能是一个重要的考虑因素。
Attachment security was assessed in children who had spent at least 8 months in a Romanian orphanage (RO) and two comparison groups of children: a Canadian-born, nonadopted comparison group (CB) and a comparison group adopted from Romania before the age of 4 months (RC). We also assessed differences in displays of indiscriminately friendly behavior between the two adopted groups of children. Attachment security was assessed using parent report on a questionnaire comprised of the 23 items with the highest and lowest loadings on the Waters and Deane (1985) attachment Q-sort. Indiscriminately friendly behavior was assessed using parents' responses to five questions about their children's behavior with new adults. Children's attachment security scores were also compared to parents' scores on the parent attachment subscale of the Parenting Stress Index (Abidin, 1990). RO children scored significantly lower on security of attachment than did either the RC or CB children. RC and CB children did not differ on attachment security. Based on their parents' reports, RO children displayed significantly more indiscriminately friendly behaviors than did RC children, but such behaviors were not correlated with security of attachment. Children's attachment security scores were related to their parents attachment scores only in the RO group. It is suggested that Po children's experience of extreme neglect contributed to their low attachment-security scores, and that indiscriminate friendliness may be an important behavior to consider in the study of attachment in institutionalized children.