Impact of symptoms and aging attribution on emotions and coping.
Impact of symptoms and aging attribution on emotions and coping.
复制标题
症状和衰老归因对情绪和应对的影响。
DOI：
10.1037//0278-6133.6.6.495
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发表时间：
1987
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Leventhal,H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Prohaska,TR;Keller,ML;Leventhal,EA;Leventhal,H
两项实验研究和一项大型现场研究旨在考察症状严重性、症状持续时间、症状模糊性以及症状与年龄的关系如何影响情绪反应和应对疾病威胁。在研究1中，来自周围社区的280名受访者报告了他们对一组常见症状的严重性、持续时间和模棱两可(即标记与未标记)的情景将表现出的情绪和应对反应。严重程度对应对策略的影响大于持续时间或疾病标签；严重症状引发更强烈的情绪不安，自我照顾行为和寻求医疗护理的发生率更高。持续时间较长的症状也导致寻求医疗护理的增加。参与研究2的334名成年人的回答重复并扩展了这些发现：一项询问参与者是否可以将症状归因于衰老的封闭式项目显示，症状归因于衰老的情况随着年龄的增长而增加，轻微症状更频繁，与对症状的情绪反应减少和推迟寻求治疗的趋势有关。
Two experimental studies and a large field study were designed to examine how symptom severity, symptom duration, symptom ambiguity, and the association of symptoms with aging affected emotional responses and coping with illness threats. In Study 1, 280 respondents from the surrounding community reported the emotional and coping responses they would manifest to scenarios that varied the severity, duration, and ambiguity (ie, labeled vs. unlabeled) of a common set of symptoms. Severity had more of an impact on coping strategies than did duration or illness label; severe symptoms elicited stronger emotional upset and a higher incidence of both self-care behaviors and seeking of medical care. Symptoms of longer duration also resulted in increased seeking of medical care. Responses of the 334 adults participating in Study 2 replicated and extended these findings: A closed-ended item asking participants whether the symptoms could be attributed to aging showed that attribution of symptoms to aging increased with age, was more frequent for mild symptoms, and was associated with reduced emotional response to symptoms and a tendency to delay seeking treatment.