Multi-method approach for analysis of road dust particles: elemental ratios, SP-ICP-TOF-MS, and TEM
Multi-method approach for analysis of road dust particles: elemental ratios, SP-ICP-TOF-MS, and TEM
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道路灰尘颗粒分析的多方法：元素比、SP-ICP-TOF-MS 和 TEM
DOI：
10.1039/d2en00409g
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Baalousha, Mohammed
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tou, Feiyun;Nabi, Md. Mahmudun;Wang, Jingjing;Erfani, Mahdi;Goharian, Erfan;Chen, Jing;Yang, Yi;Baalousha, Mohammed
道路灰尘颗粒包括纳米颗粒（NPs），其组成不均匀，是金属/类金属的重要载体，并可进一步被输送到大气或地表径流中。然而，它们的元素组成仍然不明确。在这项研究中，7个道路灰尘样品收集了来自不同地区的上海，中国和分析的总金属浓度，颗粒元素组成和比例，形态，组成和结晶相。总体而言，道路灰尘颗粒的特征在于高浓度的Fe，Ti，Al，Cr，Ci，V Ni，Cu，Zn，Sn和Sb，这在样品之间变化。使用五氯苯甲醚分析确定了四种潜在的金属来源，包括自然来源、废气和非废气排放以及车辆电子设备。道路灰尘样品中Ti/Nb、Ti/Al、Ti/Fe、Pb/Nb、Sn/Nb和W/Nb的体相元素比均高于相应的参考值，表明道路灰尘中存在Ti、Pb、Sn和W的污染。通过质量平衡计算估算出的人为Ti、Pb、Sn和W分别在0.25和1.48 × 106 μg kg−1、0.19和1.21 × 105 μg kg−1、0.98和4.22 × 104 μg kg−1以及0.12和1.01 × 104 μg kg−1之间变化。通过SP-ICP-TOF-MS测定纳米颗粒的数量浓度，含Ti纳米颗粒的数量浓度为0.66-3.3 × 1010个/g，含Pb纳米颗粒的数量浓度为0.23-1.51 × 1010个/g，含Sn纳米颗粒的数量浓度为0.28-3.10 × 109个/g，含W纳米颗粒的数量浓度为1.34-9.38 × 108个/g。TEM分析进一步证实了上海道路灰尘中存在天然和人为的含Ti和W的NPs以及含Pb和Sn的NPs的污染。这些NPs可能来源于汽车的非尾气排放和煤炭燃烧。总的来说，这项研究提供了一个可靠的全面的方法表征道路灰尘颗粒和新的见解的性质的Ti，铅，锡，和W的含颗粒的灰尘样品。
Road dust particles including nanoparticles (NPs), with heterogeneous composition, are significant carriers of metals/metalloids and can be further transported into the atmosphere or surface runoff. However, their elemental composition remains poorly defined. In this study, seven road dust samples were collected from different areas in Shanghai, China and were analyzed for total metal concentrations, particle elemental composition and ratios, morphology, composition, and crystalline phases. Overall, the road dust particles were characterized by high concentrations of Fe, Ti, Al, Cr, Ci, V Ni, Cu, Zn, Sn, and Sb, which varied among the samples. Four potential sources of metals were identified using PCA analysis including natural sources, exhaust and non-exhaust emissions, and vehicle electronics. The bulk elemental ratios of Ti/Nb, Ti/Al, Ti/Fe, Pb/Nb, Sn/Nb and W/Nb in the road dust samples were higher than the corresponding reference ratios indicating that the road dust was contaminated with Ti, Pb, Sn, and W. Anthropogenic Ti, Pb, Sn and W were estimated by mass balance calculation and varied between 0.25 and 1.48 × 106 μg kg−1, 0.19 and 1.21 × 105 μg kg−1, 0.98 and 4.22 × 104 μg kg−1, and 0.12 and 1.01 × 104 μg kg−1, respectively. The number concentration of NPs was determined by SP-ICP-TOF-MS and was 0.66–3.3 × 1010 particles per g for Ti-containing NPs, 0.23–1.51 × 1010 particles per g for Pb-containing NPs, 0.28–3.10 × 109 particles per g for Sn-containing NPs, and 1.34–9.38 × 108 particles per g for W-containing NPs, respectively. TEM analysis further confirmed the occurrence of both natural and anthropogenic Ti- and W-containing NPs and the contamination of Pb- and Sn-containing NPs in Shanghai road dust. These NPs could originate from the non-exhaust emission of vehicles and coal combustion. Overall, this study provides a reliable comprehensive approach for the characterization of road dust particles and new insights into the nature of Ti-, Pb-, Sn-, and W-containing particles in dust samples.