Obesity trends and determinant factors in Latin America
Obesity trends and determinant factors in Latin America
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DOI：
10.1590/s0102-311x2003000700009
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Albala, Cecilia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kain, Juliana;Vio, Fernando;Albala, Cecilia
拉丁美洲的肥胖率显著上升，特别是在过去10-15年中，已成为大多数国家的公共卫生问题。学龄前儿童的肥胖症患病率仍然很低，而在学龄儿童中，肥胖症患病率则大幅上升。成年人口中的发病率很高，特别是在受教育较少的妇女中。在发达人口中，肥胖症更常发生在穷人中;在欠发达社会中情况正好相反，在经历营养转型的家庭中，体重不足与肥胖症可以并存。肥胖患病率增加的最重要的决定因素是胎儿和婴儿的营养状况（发育迟缓），教育和社会经济条件，饮食变化（特别是增加总能量摄入）和身体活动不足。由于慢性病是该区域的主要死亡原因，而肥胖是这些疾病的主要风险因素之一，因此，各国应将提高经济和教育水平、促进健康和预防疾病的政策作为优先事项。
Obesity rates have increased markedly in Latin America, especially during the last 10-15 years, becoming a public health problem in most countries. Prevalence of obesity among preschool children remains low, while among schoolchildren it has increased considerably. Prevalence is high in the adult population, especially among women with less schooling. In developed populations, obesity occurs more frequently among the poor; the opposite occurs in less developed societies, where in households undergoing nutritional transition, underweight can coexist with obesity. The most important determinant factors involved in the increasing obesity prevalence are fetal and infant nutritional conditions (stunting), education and socioeconomic conditions, dietary changes (especially increased total energy intake), and physical inactivity. Because chronic diseases are the main causes of death in the Region and obesity is one of the main risk factors for these diseases, policies to improve economic and educational levels with the implementation of health promotion and prevention should be a priority in every country.