The role of the locus coeruleus in the generation of pathological anxiety.
The role of the locus coeruleus in the generation of pathological anxiety.
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DOI：
10.1177/2398212820930321
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Murrough, James W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Morris, Laurel S;McCall, Jordan G;Murrough, James W
本综述旨在综合大量临床前和临床文献，这些文献与蓝斑去甲肾上腺素系统在应对急性和慢性威胁以及病理性焦虑的出现中的假设作用有关。蓝斑在整个中枢神经系统都有广泛的去甲肾上腺素投射，它在全球调节觉醒状态和适应性行为，在调节上行内脏和下行皮质神经认知信息方面发挥重要作用。作为对威胁或应激源的反应，蓝斑-去甲肾上腺素系统在全球范围内调节觉醒、警觉和定向功能，并对多个记忆系统的调节产生强大的影响。慢性应激导致蓝斑对后续应激源的反应性放大，并伴随着啮齿动物病理性焦虑样行为的出现。虽然病理性焦虑患者蓝斑功能障碍的体内直接证据仍然有限，但高分辨率7-T磁共振成像和计算建模方法的最新进展开始为蓝斑特征提供新的见解。
This review aims to synthesise a large pre-clinical and clinical literature related to a hypothesised role of the locus coeruleus norepinephrine system in responses to acute and chronic threat, as well as the emergence of pathological anxiety. The locus coeruleus has widespread norepinephrine projections throughout the central nervous system, which act to globally modulate arousal states and adaptive behavior, crucially positioned to play a significant role in modulating both ascending visceral and descending cortical neurocognitive information. In response to threat or a stressor, the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system globally modulates arousal, alerting and orienting functions and can have a powerful effect on the regulation of multiple memory systems. Chronic stress leads to amplification of locus coeruleus reactivity to subsequent stressors, which is coupled with the emergence of pathological anxiety-like behaviors in rodents. While direct in vivo evidence for locus coeruleus dysfunction in humans with pathological anxiety remains limited, recent advances in high-resolution 7-T magnetic resonance imaging and computational modeling approaches are starting to provide new insights into locus coeruleus characteristics.