Sources and fate of atmospheric microplastics revealed from inverse and dispersion modelling: From global emissions to deposition
Sources and fate of atmospheric microplastics revealed from inverse and dispersion modelling: From global emissions to deposition
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128585
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发表时间：
2022-03-15
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Brahney, Janice
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Evangeliou, Nikolaos;Tichy, Ondrej;Brahney, Janice
我们结合了来自美国西部的观测和反向建模，以限制全球大气中微塑料(MPS)和微纤维(MFS)的排放。后者被进一步用来模拟它们的全球大气动力学。全球年MP排放量为9.6&3.6Tg，MF排放量为6.5&2.9Tg。MFS的全球月平均MP浓度最高为47 ng m(-3)和33 ng m(-3)。最大的农业议员沉积发生在世界上最大的农业区附近。道路MPS主要存放在美国东海岸、中欧和东南亚；MPS在撒哈拉和中东附近重新悬浮矿尘。只有1.8%的海洋MPS被转移到陆地上，1.4%的陆地MPS转移到海洋中，其余的都是在相同的环境中沉积的。以往的研究报道，陆基大气MPS/MFS(<；5 mm)的0.74-1.9Tg y(-1)被输送到海洋，而河流输送在3.3-14Tg y(-1)之间。我们计算了0.418和0.201 Tg y(-1)MPS/MFS(大小分别为250和2500微米)从陆地输送到海洋(忽略大颗粒)。根据观测数据进行的模型验证表明，颗粒去除必须在全球模型中进行紧急更新。
We combine observations from Western USA and inverse modelling to constrain global atmospheric emissions of microplastics (MPs) and microfibers (MFs). The latter are used further to model their global atmospheric dynamics. Global annual MP emissions were calculated as 9.6 & PLUSMN; 3.6 Tg and MF emissions as 6.5 & PLUSMN; 2.9 Tg. Global average monthly MP concentrations were 47 ng m(-3) and 33 ng m(-3) for MFs, at maximum. The largest deposition of agricultural MPs occurred close to the world's largest agricultural regions. Road MPs mostly deposited in the East Coast of USA, Central Europe, and Southeastern Asia; MPs resuspended with mineral dust near Sahara and Middle East. Only 1.8% of the emitted mass of oceanic MPs was transferred to land, and 1.4% of land MPs to ocean; the rest were deposited in the same environment. Previous studies reported that 0.74-1.9 Tg y(-1) of land-based atmospheric MPs/MFs (< 5 mm) are transported to the ocean, while riverine transport is between 3.3 and 14 Tg y(-1). We calculate that 0.418 & PLUSMN; 0.201 Tg y(-1) MPs/MFs (size up to 250 and 2500 mu m) were transported from the land to ocean (large particles were ignored). Model validation against observations showed that particle removal must be urgently updated in global models.