Reliable quantum computers
Reliable quantum computers
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DOI：
10.1098/rspa.1998.0167
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发表时间：
1998-01-08
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Preskill, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Preskill, J
量子纠错这一新领域自诞生不到两年以来，已经取得了惊人的发展。编码的量子信息可以受到保护，不会因为与环境的不受控制的相互作用而产生错误。即使在恢复过程中偶尔出现错误，也可以有效地从错误中恢复。此外，编码的量子信息可以在没有严重错误传播的情况下被处理。因此，只要每个量子门的平均错误概率小于某个临界值，即精度阈值，就可以可靠地执行任意长的量子计算。一台存储大约10(6)个量子比特的量子计算机，每个量子门的错误概率为10(-6)，将是一个强大的因式分解引擎。即使是一台较小、精度较低的量子计算机也能够执行许多有用的任务。本文是基于1996年12月15-18日在ITP关于量子相干和退相干的会议上的一次演讲。
The new field of quantum error correction, has developed spectacularly since its origin less than two years ago. Encoded quantum information can be protected from errors that arise due to uncontrolled interactions with the environment. Recovery from errors can work effectively even if occasional mistakes occur during the recovery procedure. Furthermore, encoded quantum information can be processed without serious propagation of errors. Hence, an arbitrarily long quantum computation can be performed reliably, provided that the average probability of error per quantum gate is less than a certain critical value, the accuracy threshold. A quantum computer storing about 10(6) qubits, with a probability of error per quantum gate of order 10(-6), would be a formidable factoring engine. Even a smaller less-accurate quantum computer would be able to perform many useful tasks.This paper is based on a talk presented at the ITP Conference on Quantum Coherence and Decoherence, 15-18 December 1996.