Age Differences in Beliefs About Emotion Regulation Strategies
Age Differences in Beliefs About Emotion Regulation Strategies
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DOI：
10.1093/geronb/gby022
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发表时间：
2020-02-01
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Isaacowitz, Derek M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Livingstone, Kimberly M.;Castro, Vanessa L.;Isaacowitz, Derek M.
情绪调节的年龄变化可能源于对不同策略的信念。我们测试了人们对情绪调节过程模型中的特定情绪调节策略的信念是否存在年龄差异，以及情绪信念的轮廓是否随年龄而变化。方法成年人寿命样本（N = 557）根据（a）策略的有效性或（B）他们使用策略的可能性对13种情绪调节策略进行排序，结果年轻人比老年人更有效地进行注意力和认知分散，并且比中年人和老年人更喜欢回避、分散注意力和沉思（注意力部署较少）。潜在的个人资料分析偏好确定了三个不同的策略配置文件：经典的适应性监管机构喜欢各种各样的策略;情况的修改者表现出强烈的偏好，不断变化的情况;一小部分人喜欢回避和反刍。中年和老年人比年轻的成年人更有可能是经典的适应性监管机构（而不是情况修改器或回避/反刍者）。讨论这些研究结果提供了深入了解的原因，不同年龄的人可能会选择和实施不同的情绪调节策略，这可能会影响他们的情绪健康。
Objectives Age shifts in emotion regulation may be rooted in beliefs about different strategies. We test whether there are age differences in the beliefs people hold about specific emotion regulation strategies derived from the process model of emotion regulation and whether profiles of emotion beliefs vary by age.Method An adult life-span sample (N = 557) sorted 13 emotion regulation strategies either by (a) how effective the strategies would be or (b) how likely they would be to use them, in 15 negative emotion-eliciting situations.Results Younger adults ranked attentional and cognitive distraction more effective than older adults, and preferred avoidance, distraction, and rumination more (and attentional deployment less) than middle-aged and older adults. Latent profile analysis on preferences identified three distinct strategy profiles: Classically adaptive regulators preferred a variety of strategies; situation modifiers showed strong preferences for changing situations; a small percentage of people preferred avoidance and rumination. Middle-aged and older adults were more likely than younger adults to be classically adaptive regulators (as opposed to situation modifiers or avoiders/ruminators).Discussion These findings provide insight into the reasons people of different ages may select and implement different emotion regulation strategies, which may influence their emotional well-being.