POLLEN DISPERSAL BY HUMMINGBIRDS AND BUTTERFLIES: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TWO LOWLAND TROPICAL PLANTS
POLLEN DISPERSAL BY HUMMINGBIRDS AND BUTTERFLIES: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TWO LOWLAND TROPICAL PLANTS
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1558-5646.1983.tb00242.x
复制
发表时间：
1983-11
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
C. J. Webb;K. Bawa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. J. Webb;K. Bawa
由于测量花粉或种子传播距离的困难，有关植物种群基因流的信息非常有限（Levin 和 Kerster，1974）。对于复杂的物种丰富的热带群落中的植物来说尤其如此，这些信息对于热带森林树木的物种形成模型非常有价值（Fedorov，1966；Ashton，1969；Bawa，1974，1979）。据我们所知，关于热带植物花粉传播的报道只有四篇（Linhart，1973；Frankie 等，1976；Linhart 和 Mendenhall，1977；另见 Linhart 和 Feinsinger，1980）。在这里，我们报告了哥斯达黎加两个早期演替物种花粉流比较研究的结果：Malvaviscus arboreus 是一种蜂鸟授粉的灌木或小树，具有雌雄同体的花朵，Cnidoscolus urens 是一种雌雄同株、蝴蝶授粉的一年生草本植物。两个物种的目标种群占据相邻的栖息地； M. arboreus 仅限于河流森林的边缘和小间隙，而 C. urens 则发现于河流森林附近的休耕稻田中。除了性和授粉系统、习性和栖息地的差异外，这两个物种的种群密度也存在差异：在我们的样本中，C. urens 出现在相对密集的斑块中，为 3.0 x 10-2/m2，而 M. arboreus 的种群则较为分散，为 3.11 x 10-3/m2。尽管我们的主要目标是确定传粉者觅食行为和植物密度的差异对花粉流的影响，但我们的研究也存在差异
Because of the difficulties in measuring the distances to which pollen or seed is dispersed, information on gene flow in plant populations is quite limited (Levin and Kerster, 1974). This is particularly true of plants in complex species-rich tropical communities for which such information is of much value in models of speciation for tropical forest trees (Fedorov, 1966; Ashton, 1969; Bawa, 1974, 1979). To the best of our knowledge there are only four reports of pollen dispersal in tropical plants (Linhart, 1973; Frankie et al., 1976; Linhart and Mendenhall, 1977; see also Linhart and Feinsinger, 1980). Here we report the results of a comparative study of pollen flow for two early successional species in Costa Rica: Malvaviscus arboreus is a hummingbird-pollinated shrub or small tree, with hermaphrodite flowers and Cnidoscolus urens is a monoecious, butterfly-pollinated annual herb. The subject populations of the two species occupied adjacent habitats; M. arboreus was confined to margins and light gaps in the river forest and C. urens was found in a fallow rice field adjoining the river forest. Apart from differences in sexual and pollination systems, habit, and habitat, the two species also differed in population density: C. urens occurred in relatively dense patches, 3.0 x 10-2/m2, whereas the population of M. arboreus was more scattered, 3.11 x 10-3/m2 in our sample. Although our principal objective was to determine the effect of differences in pollinator foraging behavior and plant density on pollen flow, our studies also differ