Stardust: Accessible and Transparent GPU Support for Information Visualization Rendering
Stardust: Accessible and Transparent GPU Support for Information Visualization Rendering
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DOI：
10.1111/cgf.13178
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发表时间：
2017-06
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Donghao Ren;Bongshin Lee;Tobias Höllerer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Donghao Ren;Bongshin Lee;Tobias Höllerer
基于 Web 的可视化库得到广泛使用，但在渲染大量图形标记（尤其是动画标记）时会出现性能瓶颈。虽然基于 GPU 的渲染可以极大地提高性能，但该范式的学习曲线很陡峭，通常需要计算机图形管道和着色器编程方面的专业知识。此外，虚拟和增强现实的最新发展对支持常规画布之外的多种显示环境（例如头戴式显示器（HMD）和洞穴自动虚拟环境（CAVE））提出了挑战。在本文中，我们介绍了一个名为 Stardust 的新的基于 Web 的可视化库，它提供了熟悉的 API，同时利用了 GPU 的处理能力。 Stardust 还使开发人员能够使用统一的 API 为不同的显示环境创建 2D 和 3D 可视化。为了展示 Stardust 的表现力和可移植性，我们提供了五个可视化示例和一个适用于四种显示环境的编码平台。我们还通过将其与标准 HTML5 Canvas、D3 和 Vega 进行比较来评估其性能。
Web‐based visualization libraries are in wide use, but performance bottlenecks occur when rendering, and especially animating, a large number of graphical marks. While GPU‐based rendering can drastically improve performance, that paradigm has a steep learning curve, usually requiring expertise in the computer graphics pipeline and shader programming. In addition, the recent growth of virtual and augmented reality poses a challenge for supporting multiple display environments beyond regular canvases, such as a Head Mounted Display (HMD) and Cave Automatic Virtual Environment (CAVE). In this paper, we introduce a new web‐based visualization library called Stardust, which provides a familiar API while leveraging GPU's processing power. Stardust also enables developers to create both 2D and 3D visualizations for diverse display environments using a uniform API. To demonstrate Stardust's expressiveness and portability, we present five example visualizations and a coding playground for four display environments. We also evaluate its performance by comparing it against the standard HTML5 Canvas, D3, and Vega.