A guide for functional analysis of BRCA1 variants of uncertain significance.

A guide for functional analysis of BRCA1 variants of uncertain significance.
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DOI:
10.1002/humu.22150
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发表时间:
2012-11
期刊:
影响因子:
3.9
通讯作者:
Monteiro, Alvaro N. A.
Monteiro, Alvaro N. A.
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Millot, Gael A.;Carvalho, Marcelo A.;Caputo, Sandrine M.;Vreeswijk, Maaike P. G.;Brown, Melissa A.;Webb, Michelle;Rouleau, Etienne;Neuhausen, Susan L.;Hansen, Thomas V. O.;Galli, Alvaro;Brandao, Rita D.;Blok, Marinus J.;Velkova, Aneliya;Couch, Fergus J.;Monteiro, Alvaro N. A.

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肿瘤抑制基因BRCA 1的生殖系突变使乳腺癌的估计终生风险为56-80%,卵巢癌为15-60%。自20世纪90年代中期BRCA 1被发现以来,基因检测已经发现了3,000多种独特的种系变异。然而,对于这些变异中的相当数量,对蛋白质功能的影响是未知的,因此很难推断对乳腺癌和卵巢癌风险的影响。因此,许多接受BRCA 1突变基因检测的个体收到的检测结果报告了临床意义不确定的变体(VUS),导致风险评估,咨询和预防护理方面的问题。在这里,我们描述了BRCA 1的功能检测,以直接或间接评估变异对蛋白质构象或功能的影响,以及如何将这些结果用于补充遗传数据,以将VUS分类为其临床意义。重要的是,这些方法可以为全基因组致病性分配提供框架。
Germline mutations in the tumor suppressor gene BRCA1 confer an estimated lifetime risk of 56–80% for breast cancer and 15–60% for ovarian cancer. Since the mid 1990’s when BRCA1 was identified, genetic testing has revealed over 3,000 unique germline variants. However, for a significant number of these variants, the effect on protein function is unknown making it difficult to infer the consequences on risks of breast and ovarian cancers. Thus, many individuals undergoing genetic testing for BRCA1 mutations receive test results reporting a variant of uncertain clinical significance (VUS), leading to issues in risk assessment, counseling, and preventive care. Here we describe functional assays for BRCA1 to directly or indirectly assess the impact of a variant on protein conformation or function and how these results can be used to complement genetic data to classify a VUS as to its clinical significance. Importantly, these methods may provide a framework for genome-wide pathogenicity assignment.
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