Idiopathic transverse myelitis and neuromyelitis optica: clinical profiles, pathophysiology and therapeutic choices.
Idiopathic transverse myelitis and neuromyelitis optica: clinical profiles, pathophysiology and therapeutic choices.
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DOI：
10.2174/157015911796557948
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发表时间：
2011-09
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Stüve O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Awad A;Stüve O
横肌萎缩症是一种脊髓局灶性炎症性疾病，可能由不同的病因引起。横肌萎缩症可能是特发性的或与其他疾病相关/继发于其他疾病，包括感染、结缔组织疾病和其他自身免疫性疾病。它也可能与视神经炎（视神经肌炎）有关，可能先于横肌炎。在这篇文章中，我们回顾了不同类型的横肌萎缩症和视神经肌萎缩症的病理生理学，并讨论了特发性横肌萎缩症的诊断标准和横肌萎缩症发作后发展为多发性硬化症的风险。我们还讨论了治疗选择，包括皮质类固醇、免疫抑制剂和单克隆抗体、血浆置换和静脉注射免疫球蛋白。
Transverse myelitis is a focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord which may arise due to different etiologies. Transverse myelitis may be idiopathic or related/secondary to other diseases including infections, connective tissue disorders and other autoimmune diseases. It may be also associated with optic neuritis (neuromyelitis optica), which may precede transverse myelitis. In this manuscript we review the pathophysiology of different types of transverse myelitis and neuromyelitis optica and discuss diagnostic criteria for idiopathic transverse myelitis and risk of development of multiple sclerosis after an episode of transverse myelitis. We also discuss treatment options including corticosteroids, immunosuppressives and monoclonal antibodies, plasma exchange and intravenous immunoglobulins.