Climate change, nutrition and immunity: Effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on the immune function of an insect herbivore.
Climate change, nutrition and immunity: Effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on the immune function of an insect herbivore.
复制标题
气候变化、营养和免疫：二氧化碳和温度升高对食草昆虫免疫功能的影响。
DOI：
10.1016/j.jinsphys.2015.12.002
复制
发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
M. Riegler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. N. Gherlenda;A. M. Haigh;B. Moore;S. Johnson;M. Riegler
均衡的营养是健康和免疫力的基础。对于植食性昆虫，由于大气CO2浓度和温度升高，寄主植物的营养成分变化可能会破坏这种平衡。因此，如果我们要预测气候变化对植物-食草动物-寄生虫和病原体相互作用的影响，了解它们对这种变化的免疫反应至关重要。本文研究了赤拟谷盗Paropsis atomariaOlivier（鞘翅目：拟谷盗科）取食细角桉Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm.幼苗暴露于升高的CO2（640 μmol mol−1; CE）和温度（环境温度加4 °C;TE）。用尼龙单丝对幼虫进行免疫攻击，以模拟寄生虫或病原体攻击，而不会产生实际寄生或病理学的其他影响。细胞（在vivomelanisation）和体液（在vitrophenoloxidase PO活性）的免疫反应进行了评估，并与叶化学的变化。CE降低了叶片氮（N）浓度，增加了C：N比和总酚含量。CE时体液反应降低。PO活性和血淋巴蛋白浓度下降CE，而血淋巴蛋白浓度与叶片N浓度呈正相关。然而，细胞反应在CE增加，这是不相关的任何叶片性状。免疫参数不受TE影响。我们的研究表明，相反的细胞和体液免疫反应发生的结果，植物介导的影响在CE。相比之下，在测试范围内的高温对免疫反应的影响最小。这些复杂的相互作用可能会改变未来气候中寄生虫和病原体攻击的结果。
Balanced nutrition is fundamental to health and immunity. For herbivorous insects, nutrient-compositional shifts in host plants due to elevated atmospheric CO2concentrations and temperature may compromise this balance. Therefore, understanding their immune responses to such shifts is vital if we are to predict the outcomes of climate change for plant–herbivore–parasitoid and pathogen interactions. We tested the immune response ofParopsis atomariaOlivier (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) feeding onEucalyptus tereticornisSm. seedlings exposed to elevated CO2(640 μmol mol−1; CE) and temperature (ambient plus 4 °C;TE). Larvae were immune-challenged with a nylon monofilament in order to simulate parasitoid or pathogen attack without other effects of actual parasitism or pathology. The cellular (in vivomelanisation) and humoral (in vitrophenoloxidase PO activity) immune responses were assessed, and linked to changes in leaf chemistry. CEreduced foliar nitrogen (N) concentrations and increased C:N ratios and concentrations of total phenolics. The humoral response was reduced at CE. PO activity and haemolymph protein concentrations decreased at CE, while haemolymph protein concentrations were positively correlated with foliar N concentrations. However, the cellular response increased at CEand this was not correlated with any foliar traits. Immune parameters were not impacted byTE. Our study revealed that opposite cellular and humoral immune responses occurred as a result of plant-mediated effects at CE. In contrast, elevated temperatures within the tested range had minimal impact on immune responses. These complex interactions may alter the outcomes of parasitoid and pathogen attack in future climates.
影响因子：
3
作者：
Quirk, Joe;McDowell, Nate G.;Beerling, David J.
通讯作者：
Beerling, David J.