Study of Breakdown Inside a Supercritical Fluid Plasma Switch
Study of Breakdown Inside a Supercritical Fluid Plasma Switch
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超临界流体等离子体开关内部击穿的研究
DOI：
10.1109/ppc.2013.6627456
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
E. M. van Veldhuizen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Zhang;T. Furusato;F. J. C. M. Beckers;E. J. M. van Heesch;E. M. van Veldhuizen
超临界流体（Supercritical Fluid，SCF）具有高压、高密度的特点，结合了气体和液体的优点：高传质能力（致密、高扩散性和低粘度）和高传热能力（高导热性）。对超临界流体在高电场中放电行为的研究是最近才开始的，但并不常见，而且也受到新的环境和经济原因的推动。超临界流体（SCF）具有击穿强度高、介质恢复快、对环境影响小等优点，在大功率开关领域具有很大的发展潜力，有望成为高压开关介质的替代材料。在传统断路器中，SCF将是SF6的完美替代介质，SF6是一种强大的温室气体，使用后具有剧毒。在这项工作中，设计了一个通用的SC开关高达200巴可调重型电极，并嵌入电流和电压传感器的简要介绍。超临界流体供应（可调流量5-700升/小时）和重复脉冲电压源（30 kV峰值，高达1 kHz重复率）能够测量超临界氮气内部的击穿电压和击穿延迟时间，对应于电压重复率、间隙宽度和通过差距的气体流速等参数的变化。通过一个同步触发系统，击穿内的SC氮开关被描绘了一个亚纳秒的快速CCD相机，提供空间和时间参数的理论分析击穿和随后的介质恢复内的SCF。
Supercritical fluid (SCF), characterized by high pressure and high density, combines the advantage of gas and liquid: high ability of mass transfer (dense, high diffusivity and low viscosity) and high heat transfer (high heat conductivity). Research on discharge behavior of SCF in high electrical field is more recent and less common, and is also motivated by new environmental and economical reasons. SCF has high potential in high power switching area, and is proposed to be the alternative for high voltage switching media, owing to its distinguished advantage of high breakdown strength, fast dielectric recovery, and low impact to environment. In conventional circuit breakers, SCF would be the perfect substitute medium for SF6, which is a powerful greenhouse gas and after use is highly toxic. In this work, the design of a versatile SC switch up to 200 bar with adjustable heavy duty electrodes, and imbedded current and voltage sensor is briefly introduced. The SCF supply (adjustable flow rate from 5-700 Liter/h) and repetitive pulse voltage source (30 kV peak value, up to 1kHz repetition rate) enable measurement of breakdown voltage and breakdown delay time inside SC nitrogen, corresponding to variations of parameters such as voltage repetition rate, gap width and gas flow rate through the gap. Via a simultaneous triggering system, breakdown inside a SC nitrogen switch is pictured by a sub-nanosecond fast CCD camera, providing space and time parameters for theoretical analysis of breakdown and subsequent dielectric recovery inside a SCF.