Examining associations between childhood asthma and traffic flow using a geographic information system.
Examining associations between childhood asthma and traffic flow using a geographic information system.
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使用地理信息系统检查儿童哮喘与交通流量之间的关联。
DOI：
10.1289/ehp.99107761
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发表时间：
1999-09
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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我们利用地理信息系统 (GIS) 和常规收集的数据，探讨了加州圣地亚哥县低收入人群童年居住在繁忙道路附近是否与哮喘相关。我们检查了 1993 年被诊断患有哮喘的 5,996 名 [小于/等于] 14 岁儿童的居住地点，并将其与非呼吸系统诊断的随机对照系列 (n = 2,284) 进行比较。儿童住所的位置与 550 英尺内街道的交通计数数据相关联。我们还检查了 1993 年哮喘儿童就诊的次数，以确定就诊次数是否与交通流量相关。对交通流量最高街道、最近街道以及 550 英尺缓冲区内所有街道总数的五分位以及交通流量第 90、95 和 99 个百分位的病例和对照分布进行分析，没有显示出任何显着升高的比值比。然而，在病例中，居住在高交通流量附近（以最近的街道测量）的人比居住在低交通流量附近的人更有可能因哮喘就诊两次或两次以上，而不是一年内仅因哮喘就诊一次。这项探索性研究的结果表明，交通流量增加可能与哮喘儿童重复就诊的次数增加有关。反复接触交通废气中的颗粒物和其他空气污染物可能会加重已诊断患有哮喘的人的哮喘症状。
Using geographic information systems (GIS) and routinely collected data, we explored whether childhood residence near busy roads was associated with asthma in a low-income population in San Diego County, California. We examined the locations of residences of 5,996 children [less than/equal to] 14 years of age who were diagnosed with asthma in 1993 and compared them to a random control series of nonrespiratory diagnoses (n = 2,284). Locations of the children's residences were linked to traffic count data at streets within 550 ft. We also examined the number of medical care visits in 1993 for children with asthma to determine if the number of visits was related to traffic flow. Analysis of the distribution of cases and controls by quintiles and by the 90th, 95th, and 99th percentiles of traffic flow at the highest traffic street, nearest street, and total of all streets within a 550-ft buffer region did not show any significantly elevated odds ratios. However, among cases, those residing near high traffic flows (measured at the nearest street) were more likely than those residing near lower traffic flows to have two or more medical care visits for asthma than to have only one visit for asthma during the year. The results of this exploratory study suggest that higher traffic flows may be related to an increase in repeated medical visits for asthmatic children. Repeated exposure to particulate matter and other air pollutants from traffic exhaust may aggravate asthmatic symptoms in individuals already diagnosed with asthma.