Acute stress increases ad-libitum alcohol consumption in heavy drinkers, but not through impaired inhibitory control.
Acute stress increases ad-libitum alcohol consumption in heavy drinkers, but not through impaired inhibitory control.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00213-016-4205-1
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发表时间：
2016-04
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Field M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McGrath E;Jones A;Field M
压力会增加饮酒量和复发的风险，但人们对这些影响背后的心理机制知之甚少。一种可能的机制是抑制控制，它可能会受到急性应激的损害，并被认为对酒精消费产生因果影响。我们研究了急性应激是否会损害抑制控制，以及抑制控制受损是否与随后在自然实验室环境中随意饮酒有关。100名酗酒者参加了一项在自然主义“酒吧实验室”进行的实验研究。参与者被随机分配到急性应激组（n = 50）或对照组（n = 50）。在压力组中，参与者被暴露在自我批评的社会评价威胁中，而控制组则完成了简单的字谜。在操作之前和之后，参与者完成了停止信号任务作为抑制控制的措施。最后，参与者完成了一个假的味觉测试，作为自由饮酒的衡量标准。压力操纵对停止信号任务的表现没有影响。然而，与对照组相比，急性应激组的随意饮酒量有一个小但显著的增加。在一个半自然的环境中，急性压力增加了重度饮酒者的饮酒量。然而，这并不是通过抑制控制中的短暂损害的假设机制。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1007/s 00213 -016-4205-1）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Stress increases alcohol consumption and the risk of relapse, but little is known about the psychological mechanisms that underlie these effects. One candidate mechanism is inhibitory control, which may be impaired by acute stress and is believed to exert a causal influence on alcohol consumption. We investigated if acute stress would impair inhibitory control and if impaired inhibitory control would be associated with subsequent ad-libitum alcohol consumption in a naturalistic laboratory setting. One hundred heavy drinkers took part in an experimental study in a naturalistic ‘bar laboratory’. Participants were randomly assigned to an acute stress (n = 50) or control (n = 50) group. In the stress group, participants were exposed to the social evaluative threat of giving a self-critical presentation, whereas the control group completed simple anagrams. Prior to and following the manipulation, participants completed the stop signal task as a measure of inhibitory control. Finally, participants completed a bogus taste test, as a measure of ad-libitum alcohol consumption. The stress manipulation had no effect on performance on the stop signal task. However, there was a small but significant increase in ad-libitum alcohol consumption in the acute stress group compared to that in the control group. Acute stress increased alcohol consumption in heavy drinkers, in a semi-naturalistic setting. However, this was not through the hypothesised mechanism of a transient impairment in inhibitory control. The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00213-016-4205-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.