Behavior and occurrence of estrogens in municipal sewage treatment plants - I. Investigations in Germany, Canada and Brazil
Behavior and occurrence of estrogens in municipal sewage treatment plants - I. Investigations in Germany, Canada and Brazil
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DOI：
10.1016/s0048-9697(98)00334-9
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发表时间：
1999-01-12
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Servos, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ternes, TA;Stumpf, M;Servos, M
所开发的方法能够对污水样本中低至1纳克/升的雌激素以及河水中低至0.5纳克/升的雌激素进行定量。经过固相萃取、净化和衍生化后，地下水中分析物的平均回收率一般超过75%。在加标浓度为0.05微克/升时，测定的相对标准偏差在0到14%之间变化。即使在城市污水处理厂的原进水和最终出水中，雌激素的平均回收率也大多在70%以上。利用这种方法，对德国和加拿大的城市污水处理厂（STP）中天然雌激素和合成避孕药的行为及存在情况进行了研究。在靠近法兰克福/美因的一家德国城市污水处理厂的污水中，测定了17β -雌二醇和雌酮，其平均浓度分别为0.015微克/升和0.027微克/升。在两家被调查的城市污水处理厂中，17β -雌二醇和16α -羟基雌酮的去除效率高于17α -乙炔基雌二醇和雌酮。在加拿大和德国的污水处理厂排放物中，雌酮、17β -雌二醇、17α -乙炔基雌二醇和16α -羟基雌酮经常在较低的纳克/升范围内被检测到。雌酮的最高浓度为70纳克/升。在15条被调查的德国河流和溪流中，只有雌酮存在，最高浓度为1.6纳克/升。（C）1999年，爱思唯尔科学出版社。版权所有。
The developed method enables the quantification of estrogens in sewage samples down to 1 ng/l and in river water down to 0.5 ng/l. Mean recoveries of the analytes in ground water after SPE extraction, clean-up and derivatization generally exceeded 75%. The determined R.S.D. varied from 0 to 14% at a spiking revel of 0.05 mu g/l. Even in the raw influent and the final effluent from municipal STPs the mean recoveries of estrogens were mostly above 70%. Using this method the behavior and occurrence of natural estrogens and synthetic contraceptives in municipal sewage treatment plants (STP) were investigated in German and Canadian facilities. In the sewage of a German municipal STP close to Frankfurt/Main 17 beta-estradiol and estrone were determined, with mean concentrations of 0.015 mu g/l and 0.027 mu g/l, respectively. In two investigated municipal STPs, 17 beta-estradiol and 16 alpha-hydroxyestrone were eliminated with a higher efficiency than 17 alpha-ethinylestradiol and estrone. In Canadian and German STP discharges estrone, 17 beta-estradiol, 17 alpha-ethinylestradiol and 16a-hydroxyestrone were frequently detected within the lower ng/l-range. A maximum concentration was found for estrone with 70 ng/l. In 15 investigated German rivers and streams only estrone was present with a maximum concentration of 1.6 ng/l. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.