Hydrogen/deuterium exchange for the analysis of carbohydrates
Hydrogen/deuterium exchange for the analysis of carbohydrates
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DOI：
10.1016/j.carres.2023.108859
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发表时间：
2023-06-06
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Gallagher, Elyssia S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hatvany, Jacob B.;Gallagher, Elyssia S.
碳水化合物和聚糖是许多生物过程的组成部分，包括细胞-细胞识别和能量储存。然而，由于存在高度的同分异构体，碳水化合物通常难以分析。正在开发的一种方法来区分这些异构体物种是氢/氘交换质谱（HDX-MS）。在HDX-MS中，碳水化合物暴露于氘化试剂中，具有不稳定氢原子的官能团（包括羟基和酰胺）与重1个原子的同位素氘交换。这些标签可以通过质谱检测，质谱监测添加dlabel后质量的增加。观察到的交换速率取决于交换官能团、交换官能团的可及性和氢键的存在。在这里，我们讨论了HDX如何在溶液相、气相和MS电离过程中用于标记碳水化合物和聚糖。此外，我们比较了标记的构象、标记时间框架和每种方法的应用程序的差异。最后，我们对HDX-MS在分析聚糖和糖缀合物方面的发展和应用前景进行了展望。
Carbohydrates and glycans are integral to many biological processes, including cell-cell recognition and energy storage. However, carbohydrates are often difficult to analyze due to the high degree of isomerism present. One method being developed to distinguish these isomeric species is hydrogen/deuterium exchange-mass spectrometry (HDX-MS). In HDX-MS, carbohydrates are exposed to a deuterated reagent and the functional groups with labile hydrogen atoms, including hydroxyls and amides, exchange with the 1 amu heavier isotope, deuterium. These labels can then be detected by MS, which monitors the mass increase with the addition of Dlabels. The observed rate of exchange is dependent on the exchanging functional group, the accessibility of the exchanging functional group, and the presence of hydrogen bonds. Herein, we discuss how HDX has been applied in the solution-phase, gas-phase, and during MS ionization to label carbohydrates and glycans. Additionally, we compare differences in the conformations that are labeled, the labeling timeframes, and applications of each of these methods. Finally, we comment on future opportunities for development and use of HDX-MS to analyze glycans and glycoconjugates.