Assessing the potential impact of biological control of Plutella xylostella (diamondback moth) in cabbage production in Kenya
Assessing the potential impact of biological control of Plutella xylostella (diamondback moth) in cabbage production in Kenya
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cropro.2005.02.005
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发表时间：
2005-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
De Groote, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Macharia, I;Löhr, B;De Groote, H
本研究评估了引进的Diadegma seiniclausum，外来寄生小菜蛾（小菜蛾，DBM），在肯尼亚白菜生产的潜在经济影响。该研究首先通过两种方法建立DBM造成的产量损失：从农民管理的田地测量和通过农民的访谈。根据农民管理的田地计算，作物损失为31%，根据农民访谈计算，作物损失为36%。作物损失31%，产量损失估计为6.8吨/公顷或452.9美元/公顷，全国每年损失790万美元。访谈中提供的防治费用为118.9美元/公顷，项目费用的净现值为120万美元。根据白菜年产量256，524吨，白菜价格66.3美元/吨，产量损失减少30%，生产成本降低7.9%，供给和需求弹性分别为0.9和-1.4，消费量年增长率为2.6%，释放拟寄生虫产生的经济盈余估计为25年2 830万美元。据估计，消费者获得了58%的利益，生产者获得了42%。效益成本比估计为24：1，内部收益率为86%，表明投资回报率很高。(c)2005爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
This study assessed the potential economic impact of the introduction of Diadegma seiniclausum, an exotic parasitoid of the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella, DBM), on cabbage production in Kenya. The study first established yield losses caused by DBM through two methods: measurements from farmer-managed fields and through farmers' interviews. Crop losses were calculated at 31% from farmer-managed fields, and at 36% from farmer interviews. With a crop loss of 31%, yield loss was estimated at 6.8 tons/ha or US$ 452.9/ha, and at US$ 7.9 million per year for the whole country. Control costs as provided from the interviews, amounted to US$ 118.9/ha.The project costs amount to a net present value of US$ 1.2 million. Based on an annual cabbage production of 256,524 tons, a cabbage price of US$ 66.3/ton, a 30% abatement of yield losses, a 7.9% reduction in cost of production, a supply and a demand elasticity of 0.9 and -1.4 respectively, and an annual increase of consumption of 2.6%, the economic surplus produced by the release of the parasitoid was estimated at US$ 28.3 million for 25 years. Consumers were estimated to get 58% of the benefit and producers 42%. The benefit-cost ratio was estimated at 24:1, with an internal rate of return of 86%, indicating a high return to the investment. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.