Tandem Mass Spectrometry of Lipids
Tandem Mass Spectrometry of Lipids
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脂质的串联质谱分析
DOI：
10.1039/9781782626350
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Murphy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Murphy
由于质谱技术的进步，特别是电喷雾电离产生的脂质离子的串联质谱技术的进步，使得新兴的脂质组学领域成为可能。使用电喷雾电离进行脂质基础生化研究的能力是建立在理解脂质衍生离子在碰撞诱导分解后的行为和产物离子形成机制的基础上的。在过去的20年里，已经产生了大量关于脂质分子的信息，现在通过质谱分析，但是没有一个中央来源可以获得关于这些非常多样化的生物分子在碰撞激活后如何表现的基本信息。这本书将汇集在一起，在一卷，这些信息，以便研究人员考虑使用串联质谱法来结构表征脂质或定量它们在生物基质中的发生，将有一个方便的来源来审查与脂质结构多样性相关的分解反应机制。单独的一章专门介绍七个主要脂类，包括脂肪酸，类二十烷酸和生物活性脂质介质，脂肪酰基酯和酰胺，甘油酯，甘油磷脂，鞘脂和类固醇。为了解主要产物离子和用于结构表征的离子的形成途径提供了机理细节。在大多数情况下，特定的辅助信息对于理解途径至关重要，包括同位素标记和前体和产物离子的高分辨率分析。对于一些具体的例子，这样的数据是缺失的，路径被提出作为一种手段来启动进一步的质谱实验来证明或反驳路径假设。虽然这项工作主要集中在动物（哺乳动物）系统的脂类生物化学上，但一般原理可以从具体的例子中得到，并应用于植物、真菌、原核生物和原始生物中的脂类生物化学。
The emerging field of lipidomics has been made possible because of advances in mass spectrometry, and in particular tandem mass spectrometry of lipid ions generated by electrospray ionization. The ability to carry out basic biochemical studies of lipids using electrospray ionization is predicated upon understanding the behaviour of lipid derived ions following collision induced decomposition and mechanisms of product ion formation. During the past 20 years, a wealth of information has been generated about lipid molecules that are now analysed by mass spectrometry, however there is no central source where one can obtain basic information about how these very diverse biomolecules behave following collisional activation. This book will bring together, in one volume, this information so that investigators considering using tandem mass spectrometry to structurally characterize lipids or to quantitate their occurrence in a biological matrix, will have a convenient source to review mechanism of decomposition reactions related to the diversity of lipid structures. A separate chapter is devoted to each of seven major lipid classes including fatty acids, eicosanoids and bioactive lipid mediators, fatty acyl esters and amides, glycerol esters, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and steroids. Mechanistic details are provided for understanding the pathways of formation of major product ions and ions used for structural characterization. In most cases specific ancillary information has been critical to understand the pathways, including isotope labeling and high resolution analysis of precursor and product ions. For a few specific examples such data is missing and pathways are proposed as a means to initiate further mass spectral experiments to prove or disprove pathway hypotheses. While this work largely centres on the lipid biochemistry of animal (mammalian) systems, general principles can be taken from the specific examples and applied to lipid biochemistry found in plants, fungi, prokaryotes and archeal organisms.