Perceptions and plans for prevention of Ebola: results from a national survey
Perceptions and plans for prevention of Ebola: results from a national survey
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DOI：
10.1186/s12889-015-2441-7
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发表时间：
2015-11-16
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Lynch, Molly
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kelly, Bridget;Squiers, Linda;Lynch, Molly
背景：文献表明，美国人对埃博拉病毒的感知威胁程度可能高于应有的水平。方法：我们从一个具有全国代表性的互联网小组对1018名美国成年人进行了调查，了解他们在2014年埃博拉疫情爆发期间的知识、感知到的威胁和行为意图。结果：86%的受访者知道埃博拉病毒可以通过血液和体液传播。然而，很大一部分人对埃博拉病毒有一些不准确的了解，19%的人认为埃博拉病毒会在美国传播。受访者支持强制隔离(63%)和旅行禁令(55%)。人们对媒体和政府准确报道或预防美国疫情的能力的信心很低。52%的人打算从事避免公共交通等行为。讨论：尽管感觉敏感度较低，但有一半的人打算从事预防传播的行为，大部分人倾向于目前卫生官员不建议的政策。埃博拉病毒的极端性质可能会促使人们做出一些行为，并支持一些不必要的政策，因为美国的传播风险很低。结论：卫生官员应该确保公众掌握有关埃博拉病毒的准确信息，并增强人们对政府控制传染病能力的信心，以防美国未来爆发疫情。
Background: Literature suggests that Americans may have higher levels of perceived threat to Ebola than are warranted.Methods: We surveyed 1018 U.S. adults from a nationally representative Internet panel about their knowledge, perceived threat, and behavioral intentions during the 2014 Ebola outbreak.Results: Eighty-six percent of respondents knew that Ebola could be transmitted through blood and bodily fluids. However, a large percentage had some inaccurate knowledge and 19 % believed Ebola would spread to the U.S. Respondents favored mandatory quarantine (63 %) and travel bans (55 %). Confidence in the ability of the media and government to accurately report on or prevent a U.S. epidemic was low. Fifty-two percent intended to engage in behaviors such as avoiding public transportation.Discussion: Despite low perceived susceptibility, half intended to engage in behaviors to prevent transmission and large numbers favored policies not currently recommended by health officials. The extreme nature of Ebola virus likely motivated people to engage in behaviors and favor policies that were not necessary given the low risk of transmission in the U.S.Conclusions: Health officials should ensure the public has accurate information about Ebola and bolster confidence in the government's ability to control infectious diseases in case of a future outbreak in the U.S.