Parental care and mating systems of cichlid fishes in Lake Tanganyika: a preliminary field survey
Parental care and mating systems of cichlid fishes in Lake Tanganyika: a preliminary field survey
复制标题
坦噶尼喀湖慈鲷的亲代照顾和交配系统：初步实地调查
作者：
T. Kuwamura
在坦噶尼喀湖中东岸Myako沿岸对52种丽鱼科鱼类的繁殖生态学和行为学进行了研究。 17 种为底育鱼（守护者），31 种为口育鱼，其余 4 种为中间育鱼，在口育后对鱼苗进行长时间的双亲保护。在基质育雏者中，母性照顾（和一夫多妻制）与双亲照顾一样常见。在大多数口孵鱼中，只有雌性负责照顾幼鱼，但在 3 个物种中，卵和小幼虫由雌性进行口孵，较大的鱼苗由雄性进行口孵。在大多数母性口孵鸟中，雄性会保卫雌性产卵的交配领地。交配系统与lekking的不同之处在于，没有集中的领地和在领地内进食的雄性。在剩下的母性口孵雄性中，雄性的活动范围重叠，并且在每轮产卵时仅暂时保护求偶地点。描述了雏鸟大小、蛋大小、繁殖地点以及身体大小和颜色的性别差异。讨论了丽鱼科内亲代抚育模式和交配系统之间的关系。
Reproductive ecology and ethology of 52 cichlid fishes were studied along the shore of Myako, east-middle coast of Lake Tanganyika. Seventeen species were substrate-brooders (guarders), 31 were mouthbrooders, and the remaining 4 were intermediate, performing prolonged biparental guarding of fry after mouthbrooding. Among the substrate-brooders maternal care (and polygyny) was seen about as frequently as biparental care. In most of the mouthbrooders only females took care of the brood, but in 3 species eggs and small larvae were mouthbrooded by females and larger fry by males. In most of the maternal mouthbrooders males defended mating territories which females visited to spawn. The mating system differed from lekking in that there was no concentration of territories and males fed within them. In the remaining maternal mouthbrooders males and overlapping home ranges and only temporarily defended courtship sites in each bout of spawning. Brood size, egg size, breeding site, and sexual differences in body size and color are described. The relationship between parentalcare patterns and mating systems within the family Cichlidae are discussed.