Male hypogonadism.
Male hypogonadism.
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DOI：
10.1080/00325481.1955.11711835
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发表时间：
1955
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
L. O. Underdahl;A. Albert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. O. Underdahl;A. Albert
由于以下几个原因，人们对男性性腺功能减退症的认识普遍很差。明显的男性性腺功能减退症相对罕见。直到近年来，不同的综合症还没有明确的定义。许多测试，如激素测定，可靠的精子检查，睾丸活检标本的组织学解释，还没有提供给绝大多数执业医生。对男性性腺的忽视和不充分的检查也导致对男性性腺功能减退缺乏兴趣。正如我们的一位同事所说，除了男性乳房，男性性腺是检查中最容易被忽视的结构。因此，许多医生对性腺、生殖器和第二性征的正常变异范围没有一个清晰的认识。有一个广泛的正常范围。可能有男性的性腺相对较小（正常范围较低），
THERE is generally a rather poor understanding of the problem of male hypogonadism because of several reasons. Obvious male hypogonadism is relatively rare. Until recent years the different syndromes were not clearly defined. Many tests, such as hormone determinations, reliable sperm examinations, and histologic interpretations of the testicular biopsy specimens, have not been available to the great majority of practicing physicians. Indifference to and inadequate examination of the male gonads also contribute to the lack of interest in male hypogonadism. As one of our colleagues has so aptly stated, next to the male breasts, male gonads are the most neglected structures during examinations. As a consequence, many physicians have not developed a clear picture of the normal range of variation of the gonads, genitalia and secondary sex characteristics. There is a wide range of normality. There may be men with relatively small (lower range of normal) gonads who present unmistakable evidence of