Retrospective cohort study of the association between maternal employment precarity and infant low birth weight in women in the USA.
Retrospective cohort study of the association between maternal employment precarity and infant low birth weight in women in the USA.
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美国妇女孕产妇就业不稳定与婴儿低出生体重之间关系的回顾性队列研究。
DOI：
10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029584
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Hajat,Anjum
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Patil,Divya;Enquobahrie,DanielA;Peckham,Trevor;Seixas,Noah;Hajat,Anjum
ObjectivesTo调查产妇就业不稳定性和婴儿低出生体重（LBW）之间的关联，并评估这种关联是否不同的种族/ethnication.MethodsData收集了2871名妇女参加了全国青年纵向调查1979年和全国青年纵向调查1979年儿童和青少年队列。就业不稳定性评估使用一个汇总变量，结合了几个就业属性：雇主赞助的保险，收入，长时间轮班，非白天轮班，雇主赞助的培训或教育福利的可用性和工会或集体谈判单位的成员资格。就业不稳定性得分（负面就业属性的总和）分为低（0-2），中（3）和高（4-6）。LBW定义为出生时体重小于2500 g。采用改良泊松模型计算风险比和95%CI，并根据母亲年龄、种族/民族、教育程度、出生时间、孕前体重指数、饮酒量、妊娠期间吸烟和婴儿出生年份进行调整。我们评估了产妇的种族/种族使用复合的precaution-race variable.ResultsWomen的影响修改具有较高的就业不稳定性的妇女相比，低出生体重分娩的风险较高（RR：1.48，95%CI：1.11至1.98）。与就业不稳定性低的非西班牙裔/非黑人妇女相比，非西班牙裔黑人妇女（RR：2.68; 95% CI：1.72 - 4.15），西班牙裔女性（RR：2.53; 95% CI：1.54 - 4.16）和非西班牙裔/非黑人女性（RR：1.46; 95% CI：0.98 ~ 2.16）。结论就业不稳定性高的孕妇发生低出生体重的危险性高;与非西班牙裔/非黑人妇女相比，黑人和西班牙裔妇女之间的这种联系更强。这项研究的结果可以用来告知产前护理，并确定工作场所的政策，以更好地支持妇女谁在怀孕期间工作。
ObjectivesTo investigate the association between maternal employment precarity and infant low birth weight (LBW), and to assess if this association differs by race/ethnicity.MethodsData were collected from 2871 women enrolled in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 and the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 Children and Young Adult Cohort. Employment precarity was evaluated using a summary variable that combined several employment attributes: availability of employer-sponsored insurance, income, long shifts, non-daytime shifts, availability of employer sponsored training or educational benefits and membership in a union or collective bargaining unit. Employment precarity scores (a sum of the number of negative employment attributes) were categorised into low (0–2), medium (3) and high (4-6). LBW was defined as weight less than 2500 g at birth. Modified Poisson models were fit to calculate risk ratios and 95% CIs and adjusted for maternal age, race/ethnicity, educational attainment, nativity, prepregnancy body mass index, alcohol consumption, smoking during pregnancy and infant year of birth. We assessed effect modification by maternal race/ethnicity using a composite exposure-race variable.ResultsWomen with high employment precarity had higher risk of a LBW delivery compared with women with low employment precarity (RR: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.98). Compared to non-Hispanic/non-black women with low employment precarity, non-Hispanic black women (RR: 2.68; 95% CI: 1.72 to 4.15), Hispanic women (RR: 2.53; 95% CI: 1.54 to 4.16) and non-Hispanic/non-black women (RR: 1.46; 95% CI: 0.98 to 2.16) with high employment precarity had higher risk of LBW.ConclusionsWe observed higher risk of LBW in pregnancies of women with high employment precarity; this association was stronger among black and Hispanic mothers compared to non-Hispanic/non-black women. Findings of this study can be used to inform antenatal care and identify workplace policies to better support women who work during pregnancy.