High value of short rotation coppice plantations for phytodiversity in rural landscapes
High value of short rotation coppice plantations for phytodiversity in rural landscapes
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1757-1707.2012.01162.x
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发表时间：
2012-11-01
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Weih, Martin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baum, Sarah;Bolte, Andreas;Weih, Martin
目前，对短轮伐期矮林（SRC）人工林木材作为可再生能源的需求正在增加，并可能影响农业地区的生物多样性。其目的是评估SRC种植园的农业景观植物多样性的贡献，评估物种丰富度，speciesarea关系，香农指数，去趋势对应分析物种组成，索伦森相似性，栖息地偏好比例，物种比例发现只有一个土地利用。对12株杨柳（Salix spp.）和3白杨（Populus spp.）在瑞典中部和德国北方的矮林地以及周围的可耕地、草地和森林上。SRC人工林的植物种类（平均每100 m（2）30种）比耕地（10种）、针叶林（13种）和德国的混交林（12种）丰富。SRC种植园与其他土地利用相比，我们发现最低的相似性与耕地，针叶林和德国混交林的物种组成和最高的相似性与边缘草地带，草地和瑞典混交林。相似性取决于SRC的树木覆盖：在增加的树木覆盖，SRC人工林变得不太类似于草地，但更类似于森林。SRC人工林由草地（33%），杂草（24%）和林地（15%）物种的混合物。SRC人工林物种多度的异质性高于耕地。我们的结论是，SRC人工林形成新的栖息地，导致不同的植物物种组成相比，传统的土地利用。它们对植物多样性的生态规模价值随着收获周期和时间的推移而变化。作为一种结构性景观元素，SRC种植园对农村地区的植物多样性做出了积极贡献，特别是在土地利用马赛克中，这些种植园与其他土地利用混合，具有不同的植物物种组成，如耕地，针叶林，在德国的网站，也混合森林。
The demand for wood from short rotation coppice (SRC) plantations as a renewable energy source is currently increasing and could affect biodiversity in agricultural areas. The objective was to evaluate the contribution of SRC plantations to phytodiversity in agricultural landscapes assessed as species richness, speciesarea relationships, Shannon indices, detrended correspondence analysis on species composition, Sorensen similarities, habitat preference proportions, and species proportions found in only one land use. Vegetation surveys were conducted on 12 willow (Salix spp.) and three poplar (Populus spp.) coppice sites as well as on surrounding arable lands, grasslands and forests in central Sweden and northern Germany. SRC plantations were richer in plant species (mean: 30 species per 100 m(2)) than arable land (10), coniferous forests (13) and mixed forests in Germany (12). Comparing SRC plantations with other land uses, we found lowest similarities in species composition with arable lands, coniferous forests and German mixed forests and highest similarities with marginal grassland strips, grasslands and Swedish mixed forests. Similarity depended on the SRC tree cover: at increased tree cover, SRC plantations became less similar to grasslands but more similar to forests. The SRC plantations were composed of a mixture of grassland (33%), ruderal (24%) and woodland (15%) species. Species abundance in SRC plantations was more heterogeneous than in arable lands. We conclude that SRC plantations form novel habitats leading to different plant species composition compared to conventional land uses. Their landscape-scale value for phytodiversity changes depending on harvest cycles and over time. As a structural landscape element, SRC plantations contribute positively to phytodiversity in rural areas, especially in land use mosaics where these plantations are admixed to other land uses with dissimilar plant species composition such as arable land, coniferous forest and, at the German sites, also mixed forest.