The influence of feedback valence in associative learning
The influence of feedback valence in associative learning
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.08.038
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Grafton, Scott T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bischoff-Grethe, Amanda;Hazeltine, Eliot;Grafton, Scott T.
在联想学习任务中定义了由内在正反馈或负反馈参与的神经系统。通过反复试验，参与者学会了将一组刺激任意分配给两个反应类别之一。不到 25% 的试验提供了信息反馈。在积极反馈阶段，一半的试验有资格获得信息反馈；其中，仅当响应正确时才提供信息反馈。类似的过程也用于负反馈块，但这里仅在响应不正确时提供信息性反馈。通过这种方式，我们试图找出对正面和负面反馈有不同反应的区域，以及对两种类型的信息反馈都有反应的区域。几个感兴趣的区域，包括双侧伏隔核、尾状核、前岛叶、右小脑小叶 VI 和左壳核，无论价态如何，都对信息反馈敏感。相比之下，与负面反馈相比，一些地区对正面反馈更具选择性。这些包括岛叶、杏仁核、壳核和辅助运动区。与正反馈相比，没有哪个区域受到负反馈的激活更强烈。这些结果表明，支持联想学习的神经区域随着信息学习方式的不同而变化。此外，与内在强化相关的领域与使用外在强化的研究中发现的领域有相当大的重叠。 (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。
The neural systems engaged by intrinsic positive or negative feedback were defined in an associative learning task. Through trial and error, participants learned the arbitrary assignments of a set of stimuli to one of two response categories. Informative feedback was provided on less than 25% of the trials. During positive feedback blocks, half of the trials were eligible for informative feedback; of these, informative feedback was only provided when the response was correct. A similar procedure was used on negative feedback blocks, but here informative feedback was only provided when the response was incorrect. In this manner, we sought to identify regions that were differentially responsive to positive and negative feedback as well as areas that were responsive to both types of informative feedback. Several regions of interest, including the bilateral nucleus accumbens, caudate nucleus, anterior insula, right cerebellar lobule VI, and left putamen, were sensitive to informative feedback regardless of valence. In contrast, several regions were more selective to positive feedback compared to negative feedback. These included the insula, amygdala, putamen, and supplementary motor area. No regions were more strongly activated by negative feedback compared to positive feedback. These results indicate that the neural areas supporting associative learning vary as a function of how that information is learned. In addition, areas linked to intrinsic reinforcement showed considerable overlap with those identified in studies using extrinsic reinforcers. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.