Genomics and disease resistance studies in livestock.
Genomics and disease resistance studies in livestock.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.livsci.2014.04.034
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发表时间：
2014-08
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Woolliams JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bishop SC;Woolliams JA
本文认为，遗传和基因组技术的抗病性，从这些研究中产生的数据的解释和利用的研究成果，以提高动物的抗性育种的应用。电阻和公差的定义和对比，影响因素的分析和解释的现场数据，并讨论了适当的实验设计。这些一般原则，然后应用到两个详细的案例研究，大西洋鲑鱼和牛结核病在奶牛的传染性胰腺坏死，并详细考虑所吸取的教训。结论是疾病遗传学研究中的限速步骤通常是提供足够的表型数据及其解释，而不是基因组资源。最后，强调了动物健康和动物遗传学界之间跨学科对话的重要性。对影响疾病遗传学研究的因素进行了综述。详细介绍了病毒性疾病和细菌性疾病的结果。抗性育种通常是可能的，但并不总是适当或必要的。有效的研究联合收割机了疾病生物学、流行病学和遗传学。速率限制步骤可能是提供表型而不是基因型。
This paper considers the application of genetic and genomic techniques to disease resistance, the interpretation of data arising from such studies and the utilisation of the research outcomes to breed animals for enhanced resistance. Resistance and tolerance are defined and contrasted, factors affecting the analysis and interpretation of field data presented, and appropriate experimental designs discussed. These general principles are then applied to two detailed case studies, infectious pancreatic necrosis in Atlantic salmon and bovine tuberculosis in dairy cattle, and the lessons learnt are considered in detail. It is concluded that the rate limiting step in disease genetic studies will generally be provision of adequate phenotypic data, and its interpretation, rather than the genomic resources. Lastly, the importance of cross-disciplinary dialogue between the animal health and animal genetics communities is stressed. Factors influencing disease genetics studies are reviewed. Results are presented in detail for a viral disease and a bacterial disease. Breeding for resistance is often possible, but not always appropriate or necessary. Effective studies combine disease biology, epidemiology and genetics. Rate limiting step is likely to be provision of phenotypes rather than genotypes.