Rice milling quality, grain dimensions, and starch branching as affected by high night temperatures
Rice milling quality, grain dimensions, and starch branching as affected by high night temperatures
复制标题
DOI：
10.1094/cc-82-0645
复制
发表时间：
2005-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Meullenet, JFC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Counce, PA;Bryant, RJ;Meullenet, JFC
重要的稻米品质特征，如白垩米籽粒百分比，受到高低夜间温度和不同昼夜温度组合的影响。夜间高温也被怀疑会降低稻米的碾磨质量，包括稻米的单产。证实或反驳这一观点的实验尚未被报道。进行了一项气候控制实验。除了凌晨24时至5时（午夜至凌晨5时），各舱内的情况都是相同的。在这些时间里，施加了两种温度处理：1)18℃（低温处理）和2)24℃（高温处理）。以两个品种为试验对象：LaGrue和Cypress。与低温处理相比，高温处理降低了抽穗产量。与低温处理相比，高温处理使晶粒宽度减小。温度对晶粒长度和厚度没有影响。高温处理使支链淀粉链长13-24增加了约1%。未来的研究将集中在确定不同品种间是否存在对高温的遗传变异。在确定抗高温效应的来源后，可以将这一特性纳入水稻品种中。此外，减少这种影响的方法，包括生物技术补救措施，有可能提高水稻产量和质量。
Important rice grain quality characteristics such as percentage of chalky rice kernels are affected by both high and low night temperatures and by different day and day/night temperature combinations. High nighttime temperatures have also been suspected of reducing rice milling quality including head rice yields. Experiments to confirm or refute this have not been reported. A controlled climate experiment was conducted. Conditions in the chambers were identical except between 2400 and 0500 hours (midnight and 5 am). For those times, two temperature treatments were imposed: 1) 18 degrees C (low temperature treatment) and 2) 24 degrees C (high temperature treatment). Two cultivars were tested: LaGrue and Cypress. The high temperature treatment reduced head rice yields compared with the low temperature treatment. Grain widths were reduced for the high temperature treatment compared with the low temperature treatment. There was no effect of temperature on grain length or thickness. Amylopectin chain lengths 13-24 were increased by the high temperature treatment by approximate to 1%. Future research will focus on determining whether genetic variability exists among cultivars in their head rice yield response to high temperatures. After identifying a source of resistance to high temperature effects, this characteristic can be incorporated into rice cultivars. In addition, ways to reduce this effect, including biotechnological remedies, have the potential for increasing rice yield and quality.