From the State to the Market and Back: Policy Implications of Changing Energy Paradigms
From the State to the Market and Back: Policy Implications of Changing Energy Paradigms
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从国家到市场再返回：能源范式变化的政策影响
DOI：
10.1111/j.1758-5899.2011.00145.x
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
A. Goldthau
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Goldthau
能源行业几乎不像其他行业，它反映了不断变化的范式。按照国家主义的方法，能源服务由公共提供，由国有公司管理，自由市场范式在20世纪80年代和90年代接管，使能源受制于私人提供。最近，世界见证了一个干预主义的新时代。通过对这些不同阶段的评估，本文提出了三个论点。首先，范式在能源领域很重要，因为它们提供了关键的政策处方。其次，议程变得更加复杂，在传统的供应安全之外增加了可持续性和能源贫困问题。第三，范式与制定规则的权力有着千丝万缕的联系，这让非经合组织国家负责定义下一个范式。关于后者，有人认为它可能是一个以分裂为特征的，国家和市场因素并存。
Like almost no other sector, energy reflects changing paradigms. Following a statist approach in which energy services were subject to public provision and administered by state companies, the free market paradigm took over in the 1980s and 1990s, making energy subject to private provision instead. More recently, the world has witnessed a new era of interventionism. Assessing these different phases, this article advances three arguments. First, paradigms matter in energy as they provide for crucial policy prescriptions. Second, agendas have become more complex, adding sustainability and energy poverty to traditional supply security. Third, paradigms are inextricably linked to rule-setting power, putting the non-OECD world in charge of defining the next paradigm. With regards to the latter, it is argued that it will likely be one characterised by fragmentation, with elements of state and market coexisting.