A cluster analysis of climate change mitigation behaviours among SMTEs
A cluster analysis of climate change mitigation behaviours among SMTEs
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DOI：
10.1080/14616688.2013.851270
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发表时间：
2014-05
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
T. Coles;Anne-Kathrin Zschiegner;Claire Dinan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Coles;Anne-Kathrin Zschiegner;Claire Dinan
关于旅游业和气候变化的研究强调了该行业应为减少和稳定温室气体排放做出的贡献。然而，旅游部门对供应方面的反应一直令人失望，其次级部门之间和内部的差异很大。本文探讨了旅游企业缓解的意愿和能力方面的知识鸿沟。创新被用作概念框架。在企业层面，缓解需要创新，但企业的创新速度不同，因此它们为减排做出贡献的能力各不相同。对来自英格兰西南部的400多家住宿提供商进行了聚类分析，英格兰西南部是英国主要的目的地地区。根据中小型旅游企业如何创新以缓解气候变化，确定了三个不同的集群。最小的(12%)引入了一系列的流程和管理创新，最具前瞻性和主动性。第二组(23%)采用了几项程序创新，但其对管理创新的方法既不全面又令人困惑。最大的集群(65%)主要实施了直截了当的流程创新，但没有引入管理创新来衡量、监测其环境业绩并采取行动。总而言之，这些数据表明，住宿提供商对减排目标的贡献充其量也是有限的。展望未来，如果旅游业(这一部分)要广泛动员起来应对气候变化，就需要更高的分析精度。具体地说，政策干预必须更有效地针对企业需求，并基于对计划和实施的行为变化的更具差异化的观点。一刀切的处方是不合适的，甚至可以说适得其反，因为它鼓励最广泛的旅游企业开展最大程度的缓解活动。
Research on tourism and climate change has emphasised the contribution that the sector should make to the effort to reduce and stabilise greenhouse gas emissions. However, the tourism sector response on the supply side has been disappointing and highly variable between and within its sub-sectors. This paper addresses the knowledge gap on the willingness and capacity for tourism businesses to mitigate. Innovation is used as the conceptual framework. At the firm level, mitigation requires innovation, yet businesses innovate at different rates and hence their ability to contribute towards emission reductions varies. A cluster analysis is presented of over 400 accommodation providers from south-west England, a major UK destination region. Three distinctive clusters of small- and medium-sized tourism enterprises are identified based on how they innovated to mitigate climate change. The smallest (12%) had introduced a range of process and managerial innovations and was most forward thinking and active. A second cluster (23%) had introduced several process innovations but its approach to managerial innovations was both partial and confused. The largest cluster (65%) had mainly enacted straightforward process innovations but failed to introduce managerial innovations to measure, monitor and act on their environmental performance. Taken together, these data suggest that the contribution from accommodation providers to emissions reductions targets has been at best modest. Moving forward, greater analytical precision is needed if (this part of) the tourism sector is to be widely mobilised towards tackling climate change. Specifically, policy interventions have to be more effectively targeted at business needs and based on a more differentiated view of planned and enacted behaviour changes. One-size-fits-all prescriptions are inappropriate, arguably even counterproductive for encouraging the greatest level of mitigation activity across the widest range of tourism businesses.