The evolution of conspicuous facultative mimicry in octopuses: an example of secondary adaptation?
The evolution of conspicuous facultative mimicry in octopuses: an example of secondary adaptation?
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1095-8312.2010.01484.x
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发表时间：
2010-09
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
C. Huffard;N. Saarman;H. Hamilton;W. B. Simison
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Huffard;N. Saarman;H. Hamilton;W. B. Simison
2005年，“模仿章鱼”Thaumoctopus Mimicus Norman&Hochberg表现出明显的初级防御机制(在“比目鱼游泳”过程中的高对比度色彩模式)，可能涉及对有毒和无毒的明显和/或不明显模型的兼性不完美模仿(比目鱼科和Bothidae)。在这里，我们研究了在现存八足动物(头足目：章鱼科)中游泳的显眼比目鱼的行为和形态要素之间的关系，并重建了祖先的状态，以检验对这种罕见防御机制进化的潜在影响。我们讨论了特征分布的顺序，以探索显眼的比目鱼游泳是否可能是一种突起，为了新的目的而篡夺了先前进化的运动形式。与我们的预测相反，基于我们研究的关系，比目鱼的游泳似乎与极长的手臂同时进化，在沙地栖息的物种分支中。游动的拟态金枪鱼所显示的明显的身体颜色模式可能代表了一种二次适应，潜在地允许模仿有毒的鞋底、改进的破坏性着色和/或失语性着色。《伦敦林尼安学会》，《林尼安学会生物杂志》，2010年，第101页，第68-77页。
The ‘Mimic Octopus’Thaumoctopus mimicus Norman & Hochberg, 2005 exhibits a conspicuous primary defence mechanism (high-contrast colour pattern during ‘flatfish swimming’) that may involve facultative imperfect mimicry of conspicuous and/or inconspicuous models, both toxic and non-toxic (Soleidae and Bothidae). Here, we examine relationships between behavioural and morphological elements of conspicuous flatfish swimming in extant octopodids (Cephalopoda: Octopodidae), and reconstructed ancestral states, to examine potential influences on the evolution of this rare defence mechanism. We address the order of trait distribution to explore whether conspicuous flatfish swimming may be an exaptation that usurps a previously evolved form of locomotion for a new purpose. Contrary to our predictions, based on the relationships we examined, flatfish swimming appears to have evolved concurrently with extremely long arms, in a clade of sand-dwelling species. The conspicuous body colour pattern displayed by swimming T. mimicus may represent a secondary adaptation potentially allowing for mimicry of a toxic sole, improved disruptive coloration, and/or aposematic coloration. © 2010 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2010, 101, 68–77.