ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSE SYSTEMS - THE ROLE OF CAROTENOIDS, TOCOPHEROLS, AND THIOLS
ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSE SYSTEMS - THE ROLE OF CAROTENOIDS, TOCOPHEROLS, AND THIOLS
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DOI：
10.1093/ajcn/53.1.194s
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发表时间：
1991-01-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
SIES, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DI MASCIO, P;MURPHY, ME;SIES, H
活性氧物质存在于组织中，可损伤DNA、蛋白质、碳水化合物和脂质。这些潜在的有害反应由酶和非酶抗氧化剂系统控制，该系统消除促氧化剂和过氧化物自由基。脂溶性类胡萝卜素淬灭单线态分子氧的能力可以解释类胡萝卜素的某些抗癌特性，而与其维生素原A活性无关。生育酚是生物膜中最丰富、最有效的过氧化氢自由基清除剂。水溶性抗氧化剂包括抗坏血酸盐和细胞硫醇。谷氨酸是酶抗氧化功能的重要底物，并且能够非酶自由基清除。与膜蛋白相关的巯基也可能对抗氧化系统很重要。硫醇、生育酚和其他化合物之间的相互作用增强了细胞抗氧化防御的有效性。
Reactive oxygen species occur in tissues and can damage DNA, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. These potentially deleterious reactions are controlled by a system of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants which eliminate prooxidants and scavenge free radicals. The ability of the lipid-soluble carotenoids to quench singlet molecular oxygen may explain some anticancer properties of the carotenoids, independent of their provitamin A activity. Tocopherols are the most abundant and efficient scavengers of hydroperoxyl radicals in biological membranes. Water-soluble antioxidants include ascorbate and cellular thiols. Glutathione is an important substrate for enzymatic antioxidant functions and is capable of nonenzymatic radical scavenging. Thiols associated with membrane proteins may also be important to the antioxidant systems. Interactions between the thiols, tocopherols, and other compounds enhance the effectiveness of cellular antioxidant defense.