A Two-Tiered Theory of Control
A Two-Tiered Theory of Control
复制标题
两层控制理论
DOI：
10.7551/mitpress/9780262028851.001.0001
复制
发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
I. Landau
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
I. Landau
从最早的到最近的关于这个主题的著作中，有一种持续的直觉，即强制控制补语分为两种不同的类型。在这项研究中，我重铸的态度和非态度补语之间的语义区别的直觉。我认为，后者建立简单的谓词控制（“表语控制”），但前者建立它的变量绑定，其中绑定变量是一个嵌入的上下文的评估（“logophoric控制”）的投影坐标。我提供了一个明确的语法语义分析的两种类型，利用的想法，即logophoric控制结构的第二层以上的谓词控制结构。在这两种语言中，PRO都是一个最小的、无特征的代词，在运动时起着抽象的作用。分析得出OC PRO的强制性自我阅读是一种特殊的自我态度，而不赋予PRO（最小代词）任何内在特征。同时，从特征传递的角度对PRO的一致性进行了原则性的解释，这些一致性是由竞争性的语义解释（OC的属性理论和指标移位理论）所规定的。重要的是，它能够推导出一个显着的普遍不对称OC态度和非态度的情况下：事实上，嵌入动词的协议阻止前者，但不是后者。这是通过引用谓词和变量绑定的差异一致属性来处理的。接下来是两种OC之间的进一步对比，其中一些以前没有注意到，例如隐式控制器的可见性和PRO的[±人类]值。
There is a persistent intuition running from the earliest to the most recent works on the topic, that obligatory control (OC) complements fall into two distinct types. In this study I recast this intuition in terms of the semantic distinction between attitude and nonattitude complements. I argue that the latter establish control by simple predication ("predicative control") but the former establish it by variable binding, where the bound variable is a projected coordinate of the embedded context of evaluation ("logophoric control"). I offer an explicit syntax-semantics analysis of the two types, utilizing the idea that logophoric control structures are constructed as a second tier above predicative control structures. In both, PRO figures as a minimal, featureless pronoun, which functions as a -abstractor upon movement. The analysis derives the obligatory de se reading of OC PRO as a special kind of de re attitude, without ascribing any inherent feature to PRO (a minimal pronoun). At the same time, it provides a principled explanation, based on feature transmission, for the agreement properties of PRO, which are stipulated on competing semantic accounts (the property theory and the indexical shift theory of OC). Importantly, it is capable of deriving a striking universal asymmetry between OC in attitude and non-attitude contexts: the fact that agreement on the embedded verb blocks the former but not the latter. This is handled by reference to the differential agreement properties of predication and variable binding. Further contrasts between the two types of OC follow, some of which unnoticed before, such as the visibility of implicit controllers and the [±human] value of PRO.