Substance use and ethnicity: differential impact of peer and adult models.
Substance use and ethnicity: differential impact of peer and adult models.
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物质使用和种族：同伴和成人模型的不同影响。
DOI：
10.1080/00223980.1986.9712618
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发表时间：
1986
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bentler,PM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Newcomb,MD;Bentler,PM
同伴和成年人对某一特定行为的模仿对青少年选择从事该行为有重要影响。本研究考察了感知同伴和成人物质使用对黑人、西班牙裔、亚裔和白人青少年自我使用的影响。研究了四种药物的效果：啤酒/葡萄酒、烈性酒、大麻和药片。总的来说，亚裔和黑人自残最少，白人自残最多，黑人自残最多。在四个种族群体中发现了不同年级水平的使用和感知使用的不同模式。总体而言，啤酒/葡萄酒、白酒和大麻的尿液使用与自我使用的相关性大于成人使用的相关性。在药物使用方面，只有白人报告同龄人对其自我使用的影响明显大于成年人。对于所有的物质，黑人报告说，相对于其他三个群体，同伴使用对自我使用的影响最小。关于成人饮酒对自我使用的影响，黑人和西班牙裔报告啤酒或葡萄酒的影响最低；黑人和亚洲人吸食大麻的比例最低；白人服用药物的比例最高。这些结果在建模和替代学习的不同脆弱性的背景下进行了讨论。
Modeling of a specific behavior by peers and adults is an important influence on an adolescent's choice to engage in that behavior. This study examinee the impact of perceived peer and adult substance use on reported self-use within groups of black, Hispanic, Asian, and white teenagers. Effects were studied for four types of drugs: beer/wine, hard liquor, marijuana, and pills. In general, Asians and blacks reported the least self-use, whites reported the most peer models, and blacks reported the most adult models. Differential patterns of increase in use and perceived use by grade level were found across the four ethnic groups. Overall, perceived pee use of beer/wine, liquor, and marijuana was associated more with self-use than was perceived adult use. For pill use, only whites reported significantly greater influence of peers over adults on their self-use. For all substances, blacks reported the leas impact of peer use on self-use relative to the three other groups. In regard to the impact of adult use on self-use, blacks and Hispanics reported the lowest for beer or wine; blacks and Asians reported the lowest for marijuana; and whites reported the highest for pills. These results are discussed in the context of differential vulnerability to modeling and vicarious learning.