X-Chromosome Effects on Attention Networks: Insights from Imaging Resting-State Networks in Turner Syndrome
X-Chromosome Effects on Attention Networks: Insights from Imaging Resting-State Networks in Turner Syndrome
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhx188
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发表时间：
2018-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Reiss, Allan L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Green, Tamar;Saggar, Manish;Reiss, Allan L.
注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）受性别的影响很大，但性染色体对大脑注意力网络和认知的影响很难在人类中进行研究。这是由于诊断个体之间的显著病因异质性。相比之下，患有特纳综合征（TS）的个体，ADHD症状的风险大幅增加，共享与X染色体缺失相关的共同遗传风险因素，从而作为更同质的遗传模型。静息状态功能磁共振成像检查注意网络的差异TS女孩（n = 40）和年龄，性别和Tanner匹配的对照组（n = 33）。我们比较了来自数据驱动的独立成分分析（伊卡）和基于假设的种子分析的静息状态功能连接测量的组。使用伊卡，减少连接额顶叶和背注意网络。同样，在双侧顶内沟（IPS）中使用种子，观察到IPS与额叶和小脑区域之间的连接减少。最后，我们观察到IPS-小脑连接和认知注意力测量之间的脑行为相关性。这些发现表明，X-单体会影响注意力网络和认知功能障碍，可能会增加ADHD的风险。我们的研究结果不仅对TS女孩具有临床意义，而且还可能在未来的研究中作为生物标志物，检查针对注意力技能的干预措施的效果。
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is strongly affected by sex, but sex chromosomes' effect on brain attention networks and cognition are difficult to examine in humans. This is due to significant etiologic heterogeneity among diagnosed individuals. In contrast, individuals with Turner syndrome (TS), who have substantially increased risk for ADHD symptoms, share a common genetic risk factor related to the absence of the X-chromosome, thus serving as a more homogeneous genetic model. Resting-state functional MRI was employed to examine differences in attention networks between girls with TS (n = 40) and age-sex- and Tanner-matched controls (n = 33). We compared groups on resting-state functional connectivity measures from data-driven independent components analysis (ICA) and hypothesis-based seed analysis. Using ICA, reduced connectivity was observed in both frontoparietal and dorsal attention networks. Similarly, using seeds in the bilateral intraparietal sulcus (IPS), reduced connectivity was observed between IPS and frontal and cerebellar regions. Finally, we observed a brain-behavior correlation between IPS-cerebellar connectivity and cognitive attention measures. These findings indicate that X-monosomy contributes affects to attention networks and cognitive dysfunction that might increase risk for ADHD. Our findings not only have clinical relevance for girls with TS, but might also serve as a biological marker in future research examining the effects of the intervention that targets attention skills.