What do health visitors do? A national survey of activities and service organisation
What do health visitors do? A national survey of activities and service organisation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.puhe.2007.03.016
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发表时间：
2007-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Weir, H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cowley, S.;Caan, W.;Weir, H.
背景：针对健康不平等的早期干预措施，以及改变针对母亲和学龄前儿童的政策，已将注意力集中在现有的干预措施上。目的：收集卫生访视员目前的角色和活动的基线数据；并了解现有服务与预防规划研究中显示的建议做法之间的关系。方法：采用一项全国邮政调查来收集有关英国各地卫生访问者当前角色和活动的数据（n = 1459, 46%回复率）。结果：描述了开展的活动和健康访问服务解决的需求类型。以婴儿和学龄前儿童的病例为基础，向更广泛的社区进行保健访问的既定目的似乎仍然难以实现。其工作的主要重点是初级和二级预防，但也包括针对已查明问题的规定。确定了提供服务的两种主要模式；一个是“全面的”，另一个是更受限制的。大多数地方提供的“限制服务”主要是被动的，主要是儿童保护和社会因素。即使是“综合服务”的强度也远远超过了研究显示的改善家庭健康的项目。此外，不到一半的受访者认为按计划提供服务总是可行的。结论：结果质疑普遍提供的前提，即所有家庭都接受一项提供积极健康促进和及时识别额外健康需求的服务。(C) 2007年，皇家公共卫生研究所。Elsevier Ltd.出版。版权所有。
Background: Early interventions targeting health inequalities, and changing policies for mothers and pre-school children, have focused attention on existing interventions. Objectives: To collect baseline data about current roles and activities undertaken by health visitors; and to understand the relationship between existing services and recommended practice shown in research about preventive programmes.Methods: A national postal survey was used to collect data about current roles and activities undertaken by health visitors across the UK (n = 1459, 46% response rate).Results: A description is provided of activities undertaken and the types of needs addressed by health-visiting services. The established health-visiting purpose of using a caseload of infants and pre-school children as a base from which to reach out to a wider community seems to be still in place, with difficulty. The major focus of their work was on primary and secondary prevention, but included provision for identified problems. Two main patterns of service provision were identified; one 'comprehensive' and one that was more restricted. The 'restricted service,' available in most places, was mainly reactive, with child protection and social factors predominant. Even the 'comprehensive services' were far tower in intensity than programmes shown, through research, to improve family wellness. In addition, less than half of respondents thought that it was always feasible to deliver services as planned.Conclusions: The results question the premise, upon which universal provision rests, that all families receive a service offering proactive health promotion and the timely identification of additional health needs. (C) 2007 The Royal Institute of Public Health. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.