THE INFLUENCE OF AGE AND SEX ON THE ONSET AND EARLY COURSE OF SCHIZOPHRENIA
THE INFLUENCE OF AGE AND SEX ON THE ONSET AND EARLY COURSE OF SCHIZOPHRENIA
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DOI：
10.1192/bjp.162.1.80
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发表时间：
1993-01-01
影响因子：
10.5
通讯作者：
RIECHERROSSLER, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HAFNER, H;MAURER, K;RIECHERROSSLER, A
采用新的精神分裂症发病和早期病程回顾性评估标准化访谈（IRAOS），对 267 名首次入院的精神分裂症患者研究年龄和性别对发病时间和首次入院前精神病理的影响。根据各种可操作的定义，男女之间的平均发病年龄相差三到四年。出现精神障碍最早迹象的年龄分布显示，男性在 25 岁之前出现较早且急剧的增加，而女性则出现延迟且较小的增加，在 45-79 岁的女性中出现第二个高峰。 70% 的精神分裂症患者以阴性症状开始，在入院前两到六年出现，所有阳性症状均在入院前两年出现。阳性和阴性症状均呈指数累积。不同年龄组的疾病早期病程相似，只是女性迟发性精神分裂症在首次入院前有较长一段时间的阴性症状。症状中少数显着的年龄差异可能是由于一般与年龄相关的反应模式，如焦虑和抑郁或人格的认知发展，正如随着年龄的增长，完全详细的阳性症状，特别是系统性偏执妄想的增加所表明的那样。
A new standardised interview for the retrospective assessment of onset and early course of schizophrenia (IRAOS) was used to study the influence of age and sex on time of onset and psychopathology before first admission in 267 schizophrenic patients admitted for the first time. Mean age at onset, according to various operationalised definitions, differed by three to four years between the sexes. The age distribution at the earliest sign of mental disorder showed an early and steep increase until the age of 25 in males, and a delayed and smaller increase in females, with a second peak in women aged 45-79. Schizophrenia began with negative symptoms in 70% of cases, appearing two to six years before admission, and all positive symptoms appearing up to two years before. Both positive and negative symptoms accumulated exponentially. The early course of the disease was similar across age groups, except there was a longer period of negative symptoms before first admission in late-onset schizophrenia in women. The few significant age differences in symptoms were presumably due to general age-dependent reaction patterns like anxiety and depression or the cognitive development of personality, as indicated by an increase in fully elaborated positive symptoms, especially systematised paranoid delusions, with age.