Solution Based Problem Evolution and Problem Inception in Biologically Inspired Design
Solution Based Problem Evolution and Problem Inception in Biologically Inspired Design
复制标题
仿生设计中基于解决方案的问题演化和问题起始
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Michael E. Helms
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Michael E. Helms
受生物学启发的设计是当代工程设计中最重要的运动之一。该范例需要使用生物系统作为技术产品设计的思想来源。因此，根据定义，该范式是基于跨域类比的。该运动受到对可持续发展日益增长的需求的推动，并受到对创新产品的创意设计的渴望的推动。风力涡轮机叶片的设计类似于座头鲸鳍上的结节，就是一个说明性的例子。尽管取得了许多成功，但受生物学启发的设计实践仍然是临时性的，从设计角度来看，设计过程或生物学知识很少系统化。将受生物学启发的设计转变为原则性设计方法需要开发计算模型、方法和工具。另一方面，受生物学启发的设计为开发新的设计、类比和创造力计算理论提供了丰富的背景。为了开发受生物学启发的设计的计算模型和方法，我们从对其实践的现场认知研究开始。这些研究的结果令人惊讶。虽然大多数设计都是从问题开始——问题驱动设计——但受生物学启发的设计通常使用生物学设计作为类比来识别和发展设计问题。我们称之为基于解决方案的设计。我博士学位的目标工作是开发计算方法和工具，用于基于解决方案的问题演化和生物启发设计的启动。我的论文是，基于解决方案的问题演化和初始产生于三个核心要素的相互作用：1）设计者用来表示设计问题和解决方案的知识模式，2）用于演化设计问题的基于目标的信息过程，3）用于生成新问题的基于性能的信息过程。我将通过对受生物学启发的设计案例研究的详细分析以及通过开发帮助问题产生和演变的交互式工具来评估这篇论文。我将通过在佐治亚理工学院的生物启发设计课程中部署交互式工具来评估它们。我希望我的论文能够做出两个主要贡献。一方面，它将开发用于基于解决方案的生物启发设计的计算方法和工具。另一方面，它将建立基于解决方案的创造性类比的计算模型。
Biologically inspired design is one of the most important movements in contemporary engineering design. The paradigm entails the use of biological systems as sources of ideas for the design of technological products. Thus, the paradigm, by definition, is based on cross-domain analogies. The movement is pulled by the growing need for sustainable development and pushed by the desire for creative design of innovative products. The design of wind turbine blades analogous to the tubercles on the fins of humpback whales is an illustrative example. Despite its many successes, the practice of biologically inspired design remains ad hoc, with little systematization of either the design processes or of biological knowledge from a design perspective. Transformation of biologically inspired design into a principled design methodology requires the development of computational models, methods and tools. In the other direction, biologically inspired design provides a rich context for developing new computational theories of design, analogy and creativity. To develop computational models and methods for biologically inspired design, we started with in situ cognitive studies of its practice. The results of these studies contained a surprise. While most design starts with a problem -problem-driven design -biologically inspired design often uses biological designs as analogues to identify and evolve design problems. We call this solution-based design. The goal of my Ph.D. work is to develop computational methods and tools for solution-based problem evolution and inception in biologically inspired design. My thesis is that solution-based problem evolution and inception emerge out of the interaction of three core elements: 1) knowledge schemas that designers use to represent design problems and solutions, 2) goal-based information processes for evolving design problems, and 3) performance-based information processes for generating new problems. I will evaluate this thesis through detailed analyses of case studies of biologically inspired design, as well as through development of interactive tools for aiding problem inception and evolution. I will assess the interactive tools by deploying them in Georgia Tech classes on biologically inspired design. I expect my thesis to make two main contributions. On one hand, it will develop computational methods and tools for solution-based biologically inspired design. On the other, it will build computational models of solution-based creative analogies.