The epidemiology of homicide perpetration by children.
The epidemiology of homicide perpetration by children.
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DOI：
10.1186/s40621-017-0102-2
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发表时间：
2017-12-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Solnick, Sara J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hemenway, David;Solnick, Sara J
背景：到目前为止，美国是高收入国家中杀人犯罪率最高的国家。犯下的杀人罪的儿童往往是有新闻价值的，但鲜为人知的是，儿童杀人performation.METHODS的发生率或情况：我们使用的数据从16个国家报告的国家暴力死亡报告系统（NVDRS）的所有年份2005-2012。我们阅读了每一份暴力死亡报告，这些报告被归类为儿童嫌疑人（0-14岁）的凶杀案。为了帮助确保我们没有错过任何凶杀案，我们还阅读了那些被归类为其他造成的意外火器伤害死亡与儿童射手，以确定他们是否真的homicide.RESULTS：有154名儿童嫌疑人，这相当于平均每年每百万儿童人口1.2名儿童肇事者。我们估计，在整个美国，每年有74名儿童是杀人犯。近90%是男孩，79%是13-14岁，另外13%是11-12岁。我们创建了五个类别，占事件的70%以上，有足够的信息来确定发生了什么：（1）照顾者，一个少年，通常是一个哥哥，被赋予照顾婴儿的责任。杀人通常发生在住宅内，使用钝器（不使用枪支）;（2）杀死成年家庭成员，通常是父母或祖父母。这些案件通常发生在一个住所，孩子使用枪或刀;（3）在玩耍时冲动射击，孩子通常射杀兄弟姐妹或朋友。除了一些瞬间的愤怒的概念，这些案件看起来很像无意的枪支死亡;（4）抢劫，一群年轻人试图偷钱，通常是从一个成年人;和（5）集体攻击，一群年轻人正在战斗，通常是其他youth.Conclusions：儿童杀人犯通常是男孩谁使用枪支，事件可以分为少数相关类别。这样的事件分类有助于理解问题和确定解决方案。
BACKGROUND: The United States has by far the highest rates of homicide perpetration among high-income countries. The perpetration of homicide by children is often newsworthy, but little is known about the incidence or the circumstances of child homicide perpetration.METHODS: We use data from the sixteen states reporting to the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) for all years 2005-2012. We read every violent death report that was classified a homicide with a child suspect (aged 0-14). To help ensure that we did not miss any homicide cases we also read those classified as an other-inflicted unintentional firearm injury death with a child shooter, to determine if they were actually homicides.RESULTS: There were 154 child suspects, which corresponds to an average annual rate of 1.2 child perpetrators per million child population. We estimate for the United States as a whole, 74 children per year were homicide perpetrators. Nearly 90% were boys, 79% were aged 13-14, and another 13% were aged 11-12. We created five categories, which accounted for over 70% of events with sufficient information to determine what happened: (1) The caretaker, a juvenile, typically an older brother, is given the responsibility to care for an infant. The homicide usually occurs in a residence, and blunt force is used (no guns); (2) Killing an adult family member, typically a parent or grandparent. These cases usually occur in a residence, and the child uses either a gun or a knife; (3) Impulsive shooting during play, the child typically shoots a sibling or friend. Except for some notion of momentary anger, these cases look much like unintentional firearm fatalities; (4) Robbery, a group of youth are trying to steal money, usually from an adult; and (5) Group Assault, a group of youth are fighting, usually other youth.CONCLUSIONS: Child homicide perpetrators are typically boys who use guns, and the events can be classified into a small number of relevant categories. Such a categorization of events is useful for understanding the problem and determining solutions.