Race and gender differences in the association of dieting and gains in BMI among young adults
Race and gender differences in the association of dieting and gains in BMI among young adults
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DOI：
10.1038/oby.2007.560
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发表时间：
2007-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Gordon-Larsen, Penny
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Field, Alison E.;Aneja, Parul;Gordon-Larsen, Penny
目的：评估节食和随后体重变化之间的关系，以及这种关系是否因性别或种族/民族而异。研究方法和程序：男性（n = 4100）和女性（n = 4302）参与国家青少年健康纵向研究的参与者，他们提供了基线时的体重和身高信息，向上评估，并且没有丢失关于体重控制策略或种族的信息。广义估计方程用于评估是否节食减肥或保持体重在第一或第二波预测BMI（kg/m2）之间的变化青春期和年轻的成年期（第二波到第三波）。分析按性别分层，并采取抽样权重和clustering accounting.Results：在第一波，参与者的平均年龄为14.9岁。大约29.3%的女性参与者和9.8%的男性参与者报告在第一波或第二波节食。报告节食的非裔美国人少于白人（男性和女性分别为6.2%和10.0%，25.5%和31.2%，p = 0.007和p = 0.02）。在第二波和第三波之间，参与者平均增加了3.3 kg/m（2）。与青春期BMI增加无关（第一波到第二波），在青春期节食减肥或保持体重的女性参与者在第二波和第三波之间的5年中BMI增加更大（平均额外增加0.39 kg/m2; 95%置信区间0.08 - 0.71）。这种关联在男性参与者中并不显著。讨论：结果表明，节食减肥不仅是无效的，它实际上是与更大的体重增加，特别是在女性青少年。非裔美国女性节食者的BMI增幅最大。
Objective: To assess the relationship between dieting and subsequent weight change and whether the association varies by gender or race/ethnicity.Research Methods and Procedures: Male (n = 4100) and female (n = 4302) participants in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health who provided information on weight and height at baseline and two follow-up assessments and were not missing information on weight control strategies or race were studied. Generalized estimating equations were used to assess whether dieting to lose or maintain weight at Wave I or II predicted BMI (kg/m(2)) change between adolescence and young adulthood (Wave II to III). Analyses were stratified by gender and took sampling weights and clustering into account.Results: At Wave I, the mean age of the participants was 14.9 years. Approximately 29.3% of female participants and 9.8% of male participants reported dieting in Wave I or II. Fewer African Americans than whites (6.2% vs. 10.0% and 25.5% vs. 31.2%, p = 0.007 and p = 0.02, among males and females, respectively) reported dieting. Between Waves II and III, participants gained on average 3.3 kg/m(2). Independent of BMI gain during adolescence (Waves I to II), female participants who dieted to lose or maintain weight during adolescence made larger gains in BMI during the 5 years between Waves II and III (mean additional gain, 0.39 kg/m(2); 95% confidence interval, 0.08 to 0.71) than their nondieting peers. The association was not significant among the male participants. The association was largest among African-American female participants.Discussion: The results suggest that not only is dieting to lose weight ineffective, it is actually associated with greater weight gain, particularly among female adolescents. Female African-American dieters made the largest BMI gains.