Chemical characterization of tobacco-free "modern" oral nicotine pouches and their position on the toxicant and risk continuums
Chemical characterization of tobacco-free "modern" oral nicotine pouches and their position on the toxicant and risk continuums
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DOI：
10.1080/01480545.2021.1925691
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发表时间：
2021-05-25
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Murphy, James
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Azzopardi, David;Liu, Chuan;Murphy, James
与吸烟相比，使用瑞典鼻烟带来的健康风险要小得多。尼古丁袋（NPs）是一种新型的口服尼古丁产品，它是无烟和不含烟草的，由纤维袋内含有尼古丁的纤维素基质组成。NPs在外观/用途上与鼻烟相似，但不含烟草，具有进一步减少烟草相关危害的潜力。本研究旨在评估NPs的毒性水平，以估计其在烟草/尼古丁产品连续体中的毒性传递和风险。分析了NPs、鼻烟和尼古丁替代疗法产品（nrt）中适用于口服烟草的24-26种化合物，并比较了它们的含量。这些化合物中的20种进一步用于比较NP的毒性特征，以及使用NP的估计每日毒性暴露，以及跨越风险连续体的烟草/尼古丁产品。在测量的化合物中，22种（NPs）、22种（含片NRT）、20种（口香糖NRT）和11种（鼻烟）不可量化。与鼻烟相比，NPs中有10种HPHCs的水平较低，另有13种HPHCs的水平相当/检测不到。在所有产品类别中，NPs和nrt具有最低的毒性概况和相对毒性暴露估计。根据目前的化学分析和估计暴露量，使用NPs似乎可能使使用者接触到比瑞典鼻烟更低水平的有毒化合物，瑞典鼻烟被认为比吸烟的危害程度更低。我们的结论是，在烟草/尼古丁产品毒性传递连续体上，NPs应该放置在靠近nrt的位置，尽管需要进一步的研究来证实这一点。
As compared with cigarette smoking, use of Swedish snus is associated with significantly fewer health risks. Nicotine pouches (NPs), a new form of oral nicotine product, are smokeless and tobacco-free, comprising a nicotine-containing cellulose matrix inside a fiber pouch. NPs are similar in appearance/use to snus, but without tobacco, have the potential to further reduce tobacco-related harm. This study aimed to evaluate toxicant levels of NPs to estimate their position on the tobacco/nicotine product continuums of toxicant delivery and risk. NPs, snus and nicotine replacement therapy products (NRTs) were analyzed for 24-26 compounds applicable to oral tobacco, and their levels were compared. Twenty of these compounds were further used to compare the toxicant profile of NPs, as well as estimated daily toxicant exposure from NP use, with that of tobacco/nicotine products spanning the risk continuum. Of the compounds measured, 22 (NPs), 22 (lozenge NRT), 20 (gum NRT), and 11 (snus) were not quantifiable. Compared with snus, NPs had lower levels of 10 HPHCs and comparable/undetectable levels of a further 13. Across the product categories, NPs and NRTs had the lowest toxicant profiles and estimations of relative toxicant exposure. Based on the present chemical analysis and estimated exposure, use of NPs appears likely to expose users to lower levels of toxic compounds than Swedish snus, which is recognized to offer reduced levels of harm than associated with tobacco smoking. We conclude that NPs should be placed close to NRTs on the tobacco/nicotine product toxicant delivery continuum, although further studies will be needed to confirm this.