Impacts of Topographic Relief and Crustal Heterogeneity on Coseismic Deformation and Inversions for Fault Geometry and Slip: A Case Study of the 2015 Gorkha Earthquake in the Central Himalayan Arc
Impacts of Topographic Relief and Crustal Heterogeneity on Coseismic Deformation and Inversions for Fault Geometry and Slip: A Case Study of the 2015 Gorkha Earthquake in the Central Himalayan Arc
复制标题
地形起伏和地壳非均质性对断层几何和滑移的同震变形和反演的影响:以2015年喜马拉雅中部弧廓廓尔喀地震为例
DOI:
10.1029/2020gc009413
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Barnhart, William D.
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Li, Shaoyang;Barnhart, William D.
Fault source models inverted from surface displacement measurements are a common tool to contextualize the seismotectonic significance of earthquakes. However, these models commonly invoke a simplified homogeneous elastic half‐space (flat Earth) description of Earth, which may bias the resulting fault geometries and slip distributions in the presence of spatially varying Earth's elastic structure and topography. Here, we developed both forward and inverse three‐dimensional finite‐element models with planar faults to systematically assess the impacts of topography, crustal elastic structure, and fault geometry on surface deformation and earthquake source inversions, with a focus on the 2015 Gorkha, Nepal earthquake. Our forward models with fixed fault slip confirm the impacts of topography and crustal heterogeneity on surface deformation. These impacts, however, contribute only maximally ∼10% of the total surface displacement, and the fault depth and dip dominantly control the coseismic deformation for the Gorkha case. When using homogeneous half‐space models to invert the synthetic displacement fields generated by forward finite‐element models, we find that ignoring crustal heterogeneity primarily biases inferred dip angle, while ignoring relief primarily biases inferred fault depth. Our inversions based on finite‐element models suggest that topography and crustal heterogeneity introduce negligible bias on recovering the Gorkha line of sight observations. Fault dip angle and depth can systematically trade off with slip area and slip magnitude, regardless of the presence of relief and crustal heterogeneities. Taken together, our findings highlight the importance of fault geometry on inverted fault kinematics with geodetic observations in the central Himalayan arc.
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DOI:
--
发表时间:
2016
期刊:
日本リモートセンシング学会誌
影响因子:
--
作者:
藤川紘樹;永瀬良平;丹羽晶子;土屋聡;下田綾乃;西山賢一;島本啓子;石塚師也・藤井幸泰・金子誠・高橋亨・松岡俊文;石塚師也・松岡俊文・高橋亨・相澤隆生;甲地 利恵;石塚師也・辻 健・松岡俊文;甲地利恵;石塚師也・松岡俊文
通讯作者:
石塚師也・松岡俊文
影响因子:
5.2
作者:
C. Williams;G. Wadge
通讯作者:
C. Williams;G. Wadge
影响因子:
3.7
作者:
Shaoyang Li;J. Bedford;M. Moreno;W. Barnhart;M. Rosenau;O. Oncken
通讯作者:
Shaoyang Li;J. Bedford;M. Moreno;W. Barnhart;M. Rosenau;O. Oncken
影响因子:
2.8
作者:
Langer, Leah;Gharti, Hom Nath;Tromp, Jeroen
通讯作者:
Tromp, Jeroen
影响因子:
18.3
作者:
Elliott, J. R.;Jolivet, R.;Stevens, V. L.
通讯作者:
Stevens, V. L.